翻译硕士#2015年四川外国语大学翻译硕士英语

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时间：2020-07-2718:30:30

以下是为大家整理的“2015年四川外国语大学翻译硕士英语”，以供广大考生参考 ，希望对你们有所帮助
。

2015年四川外国语大学全日制翻译硕士专业学位(MTI)研究生入学考试试题

翻译硕士英语

I.WordDerivation(10%)

Directions:Fillintheblanksinthefollowingsentenceswiththeappropriatewordsderivedfromthewordsgiveninparenthesesattheendofthesentences.

1.The__________amongtheallieswasnosecrettotheenemy.(harmony)

2.Thesituationtherewas__________.Somethingmustbedonepromptly.(tolerate)

3.Thisismadeof__________material.(resistheat)

4.Shewasavery__________socialscientist.Sheprovedthatapartfromself-love,therewereotherbasichumaninstincts.(observe)

5.Youcanlivelongestandbestandmost__________byattainingandpreservingthehappinessoflearning.(reward).

6.YouthinkI’mjoking?No!I’mindead__________.(earn)

7.Manytimeshedemonstratedhis__________toothercops.(fear)

8.Inmodernsociety,workersareindangerofbeing__________.Theybecomeextensionofthemachine.(human)

9.__________,mostofthesestudentsstudyingoverseaswillcomebackeventuallyinsteadofsettlingdowntherepermanently.(presume)

10.Nobodyknowsforsurehowmuchthesefreeofficialbanquetshavecostthepeople,butitmusthavereachedon__________figure.(astronomy)

II.MultipleChoice(20%)

Directions:ForeachsentencebelowtherearefourchoicesA,B,CandD.ChoosetheanswerthatBESTcompletesthesentence.ThenwritethecorrectletterontheAnswerSheet.

11.Theemotionalstrainofattendinghisdyingmother__________allhisstrength.

A.sappedB.depleted

C.enervatedD.enfeebled

12.Thesocialworkerclaimedthatitwasimpossiblefortheoldmantoliveonhis__________pension.

A.inadequateB.insufficient

C.meagerD.skimpy

13.Themysticfoundithard,ifnotimpossible,to__________hisphilosophicposition.

A.stateB.verbalize

C.communicateD.deliver

14.Literarymagazinesgive$200__________forcriticalarticlesfrompeoplewhowanttomakeanameforthemselvesinthisfield.

A.emolumentB.remuneration

C.stipendD.honorariums

15.Hedisplayed__________ignoranceinhandlingwhatwasanonlyroutinepersonnelproblem.

A.opprobriousB.deplorable

C.culpableD.regrettable

16.Europeans__________theindigenousIndianpopulationtheymetwith.

A.supplantedB.displaced

C.rectifiedD.renovated

17.Disappointmentfollowedhishopesof__________afterthecostlyoperation.

A.rejuvenescenceB.renascence

C.rejuvenationD.recrudescence

18.Heattemptsto__________thetruthbyappealingtodishonest,ignorantandirresponsiblebigotry.

A.vitiateB.adulterate

C.contaminateD.pervert

19.Thetypical__________professorwasraptinsolvinganequationwhilecrossingagainstaredlight.

A.inattentiveB.abstracted

C.absent-mindedD.oblivious

20.Anewlyindependentcolonywasplungedinto__________bywarringfactionsandalackofcentralleadership.

A.riotB.anarchy

C.disorderD.disturbance

21.__________parentsarerelyingevenmoreheavilyontutorsandcramschoolstohelptheirchildrensucceed.

A.NervousB.Anxious

C.FretfulD.Farsighted

22.G.BShawwonderedhowparentscouldwaituntiltheirangercooledinorderto__________theirchildrenincoldblood.

A.flogB.spank

C.thrashD.scourge

23.A__________smilethatinthenextminuteturnedintoanembarrassedblush.

A.winsomeB.blithe

C.cherryD.sunny

24.Thejudge’srulingthatpoliticalbeliefsoftheaccusedwere__________tothequestionofhisguilt.

A.extrinsicB.superfluous

C.inessentialD.immaterial

25.Acorruptpublicofficialwas__________bycolleaguesafraidofinquiresintotheirownaffairs.

A.palliatedB.glossedover

C.whitewashedD.extenuated

26.“Theonlywaytogetridofatemptationistoyieldtoit, ”wroteOscarWilde,acomposerofbrilliant__________.

A.mottosB.aphorisms

C.apothegmsD.epigrams

27.Themanager__________aclerkwhoseclumsinesswasresponsibleforthecompletebreakdownofoperationsinhisdepartment.

A.rebukedB.admonished

C.reprimandedD.reproached

28.They__________themountingevidenceofdiscrepanciesinthereportasjustifyinganewinvestigation.

A.beckonedB.invoked

C.subpoenaedD.conjured

29.AccordingtotheAmericanAcademyofOrthopedicSurgeons,only25%ofthosewhosufferhip__________everfullyrecoverasmanyas20%willdiewithin12months.Evenwhenpatientsdorecover,nearlyhalfwillneedacaneorawalkertogetaround.

A.frankincenseB.fragments

C.fracturesD.fraction

30.Asteadyflowofthe__________weaponsspreaditsgenialinfluencethroughoutthefrontier,andtherespectwhichthePathantribesmenentertainedforChristiancivilizationwasvastlyenhanced.

A.covetousB.coveted

C.covetingD.covert

III.ReadingComprehension(40%)

ReadingPassage1

Questions31-35arebasedonthefollowingreadingpassage.Readthefollowingpassage.AnserthequestionsbelowitbychoosingA,B,C,orD.

ChrisHrapkoisn’tafraidoftoughconversations.Asthefounderofanonprofitsocial-serviceagency,shebattlesbureaucraciesonbehalfofthehomelessandtheworkingpoor.ButthereisoneconversationHrapkoavoided.Whenher92-year-oldmotherfellandbrokeherhipearlierthisyear,Hrapkoknewitwouldaffectherindependentmother’slivingarrangementsandhealth.ButHrapko,51,wascluelessabouthermom’swishes.“Wetalkedaboutalotofthings,
”shesays,“butwenevertalkedaboutafutureinwhichmymomfacedaproblemthatcouldleaveherdisabled,bedriddenoronlifesupport.”

ArecentsurveybyAARPfoundthatnearly70percentofadultchildrenhavenottalkedtotheirparentsaboutissuesrelatedtoaging.Somechildrenavoidthismostintimateofconversationsbecausetheybelievetheirparentsdon’twanttotalk.Othersthinktheyknowwhattheirparentswant.Andsomesimplydon’twanttofacetheveryrealtruththatifyouareluckyenoughtohaveparentswholivewellintotheirsenioryears,chancesaregoodthatdisease,injury,frailty,evenloneliness,willaffectaparent’swell-being.

Whileit’sclearthathavingaconversationwithagingparentsisimportant,thereisnoblueprintonhowtodoitwell.Whatworksforonefamilymaynotworkforyours.Thekeyistobeflexible,saysMaryAnneEhlert,founderofChicago-basedProtectedTomorrows,anadvocacyfirmforfamilieswithspecialneeds.Shehasfoundthatoneofthebestwaystogettheconversationalballrollingistotalkaboutyourparents’andwhattheywoulddoiffacedwithasituationinwhichpeopletheylovedcouldnolongercareforthemselves.“Askyourparentsforadviceseektheirwisdominhelpingyouhelpthem, ”Ehlertsays.

It’salsoimportantforadultstobehonestaboutwhattheyarepreparedtodofortheirparents.Asparentsageandbecomefrail,manywillneedhelpwithpersonalhygiene.It’sthesekindsofissuesthatcanmakethemostdevotedchildbalk.“Beforeyouagreetobeacaregiver,makesureyouunderstandwhatyoumaybeinfor,
”saysMonikaWhite,president-electoftheNationalAssociationofProfessionalGeriatricCareManagers.18.“Adultchildrenneedtoacknowledgetheirownlimitationsandthenbepreparedtomakesometypeofarrangementforthethingstheysimplycan’tdo.”

Realizethatthereisnosuchthingasoneconversationaboutaging.20.“Nooneresolvesthefutureinoneafternoonoftalk, ”sayspsychologistBrainCarpenterofWashingtonUniversityinSt.Louis.21.“It’saprocess.
”Onestrategyistoscheduletimetotalkaboutaspecificsubject,suchaswillsorlivingarrangements.

31.Accordingtothefirstparagraph,ChrisHrapko__________.

A.avoidedtalkingabouttheissueofagingwithhermother

B.realizedthathermotherwantedtotalktoheraboutthefuturelife

C.believedthathermotherdidn’twanttotalktoherabouttheagingissue

D.knewthattheinjurywouldcausehermotherlonelierthanbefore

32.Manyadultchildrenhavenottalkedtotheirparentsaboutagingnotbecause__________.

A.somechildrenthinkthattheirparentsdon’twanttotalk

B.somechildrenbelievethattheyknowtheirparentswell

C.somechildrenarenotluckyenoughtohaveparentswholivewellintotheirsenioryears

D.somechildrenshuntherealitythattheirparentsneedhelp

33.Wecanlearnfromparagraph3that__________.

A.ChrisHrapkoneedstoseekadvicesfromtheexpertandfollowthemstepbystep

B.Talkingaboutyourparents’personalvaluesmaymaketheconversationdisputable

C.Itisunadvisabletotalkaboutyourparents’futurelifewhereyoucannottakecareofthem

D.talkingwithyourparentsabouttheiragingbutfindanappropriateway

34.Theunderlinedword“balk”(Para.4)mostprobablymeans__________.

A.lazyB.stopC.joyD.disappoint

35.Whichofthefollowingistrueofthetext?

A.ChrisHrapko’smotherrefusedtotalkaboutthefutureproblemwithherdaughter.

B.MaryAnneEhlertadvisedpeopletocommunicatewiththeirparentsontheirownway.

C.MonikaWhitethoughtthatifpeoplecannotmeettheirparents’need,theycannotbeagoodcaregiver.

D.BrianCarpentersuggestedthatpeopleshouldspendmoretimeincommunicatingwiththeirparents.

ReadingPassage2

Questions36-40arebasedonthefollowingreadingpassage.Readthefollowingpassage.AnswerthequestionsbelowitbychoosingA,B,CorD.

1.Lessthanfiveyearsago,ScottishOperawastrappedinafinancialquagmirefromwhichfewthoughtitcouldrecover.2.Today,however,thenationalcompanysealsitscomebackbyannouncingitsmostwide-reachingprogramtodate.3.InaninterviewwithTheTimes,AlexReedjik,generaldirectorofScottishOpera,explainedthataseriesofcollaborationswithothercompanieswouldenableittomaximizeitsoutputwithoutcompromisingitsbudget.4.Headmittedthatthepartnershipswereborneoffinancialnecessity,butarguedtheywouldallowthecompanytoreachgreateraudiencesthaneverbefore.5.“Collaborationsarethewayforward, ”hesaid.“Wehaveoftendoneco-productionsinthepastbuttheyaremoreimportanttousnowtoenableustoachieveallofourhopes.6.Theproblemisthatsetsareveryexpensive.Ifyoucansharethosecostswithanotherorganizationandnotimpactonartisticintegrity,thatisapositive,welcomeandnecessarything.
”

7.Highlightsofthe2009-10seasonwillincludeanewco-productionwithNewZealandOperaofRossini’sTheItalianGirlinAlgiers,andajointventurewithOperaNorthTheAdventuresofMr.Broucek,byLeosJunacek,featuringa40-strongchoirsingingHussitehymns,alongwithbagpipesandanorgan.8.AnunashamedlyItalianateseasonthisAutumnbeginswitharevivalofGilesHavergal’spopular1994productionofTheElixirofLove.9.TherewillalsobearevivaloftheTony-a-wardwinningdirectorStewartLaing’sproductionofPuccini’sLaBoheme.

10.Theturnaroundinthecompany’sfortunesisstriking.11.In2005,theyearbeforeMr.Reedjikjoinedtheorganization,ScottishOperawasforcedtomakehalfofitsstaff,includingtheentirechorus,redundantandabandonitsmanin-scaleproductionsforaseasonafteraccumulatingdebtsofaround$4.5million.12.Thecompany’scoregrant,whichatthattimecamefromtheScottishArtsCouncil(itisnowfundeddirectlybythegovernment)hadnotrisenforseveralyears.13.However,ithadalsohaemorrhagedfundsbystagingthehugelyexpensiveRingCycle,andaccordingtosomecritics,hadbeenoverspendingonpropos,withrumorsofcastmemberswearing$300designershoes.

14.A$7millionrescuepackageputtogetherbythethenLabor-ledScottishExecutivesavedthecompanyfromgoingdarkonapermanentbasis,buttheeasewithwhichitalmostwentunderforcedarethinkofpriorities.15.Whilethecompanycontinuestostageseveralmajorproductionseachseason,ithasalsointroducedsmallertouringworks---theacclaimedFive:15series---whichpairsleadingwriterswithcomposerstocreate15-minutechamberpiecesthatcouldbedevelopedintolongerproductions.16.Theaim,saysMr.Reedjik,istoputonasmuchoperaisScotlandaspossiblewithoutbreakingthebank.17.Sofarthestrategyseemstobeworking,withaudiencesaveragingataround95,000peopleinthepastthreeyears,ariseofalmost50percentcomparedwith2004-05,theseasonbeforethecompanywentdark.18.“Whatwearetryingtodonowislivewithinourmeansandraiseasmuchaspossiblefromphilanthropicmeans,”saidMr.Reedjik.19.“Weseemedtohavedroppedoutofthenewsfordumbstuff---nowwe’reinthenewsforourinterestingwork. ”

36.Thistextisprobablyabridgedfrom___________.

A.astory

B.aspeech

C.anargumentation

D.aninterview

37.Thephrase“compromisingitsbudget”(Line5,Para.1)probablymeans__________.

A.agreeingontheprinciples

B.increasingthefinancialexpanses

C.reachingthefinancialstandards

D.promisingahigherincome

38.ItcanbeinferredfromthelastsentenceinParagraph1that__________.

A.thequalityofartisticperformancesmaybeworsenedforlackofnecessaryfunding

B.sharingthecostofsetscanhelptheScottishOperaoutoffinancialdifficulty

C.theseriesofcollaborationswithothercompanieshavemaximizedtheScottishOpera’soutput

D.it’simportantforaudiencetoholdapositiveviewonsuchco-productions

39.Thefactthat“theease…forcedarethinkofpriorities
”(Line2-3,Para.4)suggeststhat__________.

A.thecompanymakesgreateffortsinadvocatingitsmajorproductions

B.thecompanyhiresonlytheprestigiouswritersandcomposerstocreateworks

C.thecompanytriesitshandinproducingshortertouringworks

D.thecompanyseeksformorefundingfromthelocalpoliticalparty

40.Thebesttitleforthisarticleis__________.

A.CollaborationHelpsReviveScottishOpera

B.ARethinkofPrioritiesinProductions

C.TurnaroundintheCompany’sFortunes

D.PersistenceofArtisticIntegrity

ReadingPassage3

Questions41-45arebasedonthefollowingreadingpassage.Readthefollowingpassage.

AnswerthequestionsbelowitbychoosingA,B,C,orD.

1.Americansnolongerexpectpublicfigures,whetherinspeechorinwriting,tocommandtheEnglishlanguagewithskillandgift.2.Nordotheyaspiretosuchcommandthemselves.3.Inhislatestbook,DoingOurOwnThing:TheDegradationofLanguageandMusicandWhyweshould,Like,Cure,JohnMcwhorter,alinguistandcontroversialistofmixedliberalandconservativeviews,seethetrumphof1960scounter-cultureasresponsibleforthedeclineofformalEnglish.

4.Blamingthepermissive1960sisnothingnew,butthisisnotyetanothercriticismagainstthedeclineineducation.5.Mr.Mcwhorter’sanacademicspecialtyislanguagehistoryandchange,andheseesthegradualdisappearanceof“whom”,forexample,tobenaturalandnomoreregrettablethanthelossthecase-endingsofOldEnglish.

6.Butthecultoftheauthenticandthepersonal,“doingourownthing, ”hasspeltthedeathofformalspeech,writing,poetryandmusic.7.Whileeventhemodestlyeducatedsoughtanelevatedtonewhentheyputpentopaperbeforethe1960’seventhemostwellregardedwritingsincethenhassoughttocapturespokenEnglishonthepage.8.Equally,inpoetry,thehighlypersonal,performativegenreistheonlyformthatcouldclaimrealliveliness.9.InbothoralandwrittenEnglish,talkingistriumphingoverspeaking,spontaneityovercraft.

10.Illustratedwithanentertainingarrayofexamplesfrombothhighandlowculture,thetrendthatMr.Mcwhorterdocumentsisunmistakable.11.Butitislessclear,totakethequestionofhissubtitle,whyweshould,like,care.12.Asalinguist,heacknowledgesthatallvarietiesofhumanlanguage,includingnon-standardoneslikeBlackEnglish,canbepowerfullyexpressive---thereexistsnolanguageordialectintheworldthatcannotconveycomplexideas.13.

Heisnotarguing,asmanydo,thatwecannolongerthinkstraightbecausewedonottalkproper.

14.Russianshaveadeeplovefortheirownlanguageandcarrychunksofmemorizedpoetryintheirheads,whileItalianpoliticianstendtoelaboratespeechthatwouldseemold-fashionedtomostEnglish-speakers.15.Mr.Mcwhorteracknowledgesthatformallanguageisnotstrictlynecessary,andproposesnoradicaleducationalreforms---heisreallygrievingoverthelossofsomethingbeautifulmorethanuseful.16.WenowtakeourEnglish“onpaperplatesinsteadofchina
”.17.Ashame,perhaps,butprobablyaninevitableone.

41.AccordingtoMcwhorter,thedeclineofformalEnglish__________.

A.isinevitableinradicaleducationreforms

B.isbutalltoonaturalinlanguagedevelopment

C.hascausedthecontroversyoverthecounter-culture

D.broughtaboutchangesinpublicattitudesinthe1960s

42.Theword“talking”(Line6,Para.3)denotes__________.

A.modesty

B.personality

C.liveliness

D.informality

43.TowhichofthefollowingstatementswouldMcWhortermostlikelyagree?

A.Logicalthinkingisnotnecessarilyrelatedtothewaywetalk.

B.BlackEnglishcanbemoreexpressivethanstandardEnglish.

C.Non-standardvarietiesofhumanlanguagearejustasentertaining.

D.Ofallthevarieties,standardEnglishcanbestconveycomplexideas.

44.ThedescriptionofRussians’loveofmemorizingpoetryshowstheauthor’s__________.

A.interestintheirlanguage

B.appreciationoftheirefforts

C.admirationfortheirmemory

D.contemptfortheirold-fashionedness

45.Accordingtothelastparagraph,“paperplates ”isto“china
”as__________.

A.“temporary”isto“permanent ”

B.“radical
”isto“conservative”

C.“functional ”isto“artistic
”

D.“humble”isto“noble ”

ReadingPassage4

Questions46-50arebasedonthefollowingreadingpassage.Readthefollowingpassage.AnswerthequestionsbelowitbychoosingA,B,C,orD.

1.Thephenomenonofstresshasbeenwidelydiscussedandreferredtoasoneofthecentralproblemsofourage.2.Globalizationandtheimprovedtechnologyitbringsonlyseemstomakethisproblemworse,creatingmoreoptionswhileatthesametimemakingourlivesmorecomplex.3.Closelyboundupwithstressistheproblemof“timefamine”.4.InBritain,forexample,thecombinationofthelongestworkinghoursinEuropeandthehighestproportionofworkingwomeninEuropemeanspeoplehavelessandlesstimetothemselves.5.Addtothistheriseinthenumberofsingle-personhouseholdsandtheworkethicpromotedbysuccessivegovernmentssincetheearlyeightiesanditbecomeseasytoseewhytimeisnowatapremiumforsomanyofus.

6.OneresponsetothishascomefromtheUSA,sooftentheforerunnerinwhatisfashionable,intheformoflifestylemanagement.7.Thisinvolveshiringacompanytorepairthehouse,dotheshoppingandahostofothertimeconsumingtasks.8.Someanalystsinsistthatthemanagementofpeople’stimecouldbebigbusinessinthenext10years.9.IntheUSAlifestylemanagementcompanieshavebeenaroundforawhilebutnowitseemsthattheBritisharekeentousethemtoo.

10.Whatmostpotentialcustomerswantisqualitytime.Thismeanstakingawaythedaytodayhasslesconnectedwithrunningourlives.11.Whereasinthepasttherealwaysseemedtobetimeforarrangingprivatelivesandkeepingupwitheverydaydemandsofhouse,health,childrenorholidays,nowadaystheworkobsessedpopulation,tiedtotheoffice,donotappeartobeabletocopewithsuchinconveniences.12.Inotherwords,peoplerequireaseparatePersonalAssistantfortheirlifestyle!

13.Thejuryisout,however,astowhetherthisnewserviceisbeneficialornot.14.Beingconstantlypressedfortimeisundoubtedlystressfulandwhatcouldbebetterthanrelievingsuchpressuresbyoffloadingsomeofourmoremundanetasksonawillinghelper?15.Perhapsthiscanalsobeawaytoensurethatyougetqualityservice.16.ItisoftensaidthatalargepartofBritain’sservicesectoraimspurelyandsimplyatshorttermprofitinreturnforbadqualitygoodsandpoorservice.17.Ifyouputexpertsinchargeoffindingagoodplumberatareasonablerateyoucanatleastbeassuredthatyourleakingpipeswillbefixedproperly.

18.Thisraisesanimportantquestion,however.19.Isitreallygoodforustocreatemoretimetospendatworkwhenwearealreadyexhaustedfromworkinglonghours?20.Itmaybefarmoreimportanttotakecontrolofourprivatelivesourselvesandinsodoingrelievestressbygivingourselvesaproperescapefromthecaresofthework-place.21.Afterall,ifyoudonothavetimetolookafteryourownhomeandtoorganizeyourownlife,then,justmaybe,youhavegotyourprioritieswrong.22.Theremaybeonereasonwhy,intheend,thelifestylemanagementbusinesswillnottakeoffintheUKandthatistheinherentlyconservativenatureoftheBritish.23.Toreallyembracethisnewconceptwemightallneedtorethinkourlives!

46.Thewritersuggeststhatstress__________.

A.isthemostimportantproblemofmodernlife

B.iscausedbytechnologyandglobalization

C.canbemadeworsebecauseoftoomanychoices

D.canbelessifwehadmoretimetospendatwork

47.“timeisatapremium
”(line8,paragraph1)probablymeansthat__________.

A.thelongerwework,thelessimportanttimeis

B.timehasbecomeharderandhardertofind

C.peoplehavemorefreetimeinAmericathaninBritain

D.savingtimeisafashionablelifestyletrend

48.Accordingtothetext,mostpotentialcustomers__________.

A.donothaveapersonalassistantintheiroffices

B.aretoolazytoorganizetheirprivatelives

C.haveproblemscopingwiththedemandsofdailyliving

D.enjoythewayofspendingmoretimeatwork

49.Whatistrueoflifestylemanagementcompaniesaccordingtotheauthor?

A.Theywilldefinitelybecomeimportantevenittakestimetoacceptthem.

B.Theyarenotinterestedinlong-termrelationshipswithcustomers.

C.Theybenefitthecustomersbygivingacheapwayofsavingtime.

D.Theyhaveexpertiseingettingtherightpeopletodojobsfortheirclients.

50.TheauthorprobablybelievesthattheBritish__________.

A.willaccepttheneedforlifestylemanagementcompanies

B.havetogivecarefulthoughttotheirwayoflife

C.shouldturntoexpertswhendealingwithspecificproblems

D.shouldbewelltrainedwithagoodworkethic

ReadingPassage5

Questions51-55arebasedonthefollowingreadingpassage.Inthefollowingpassage,somesentenceshavebeenremoved.Forquestions51-55,choosethemostsuitableonefromthelistA–Gtofitintoeachofthenumberedblank.Therearetwoextrachoicesthatdonotfitinanyofthegaps.

1.Shoppingusedtobenothingmorethanawayofobtainingfood,clothingandothernecessitiesoflife.2.Today,however,shoppingsymbolizesthematerialisticcultureofwesternsocietyanditspopularityasaleisureactivityreflectstheriseofconsumerism.51.________.3.Havingmoremoneyhasmeantspendingpatternshavechanged.4.Whiletraditionalmodelsofeconomicbehaviorassumethatconsumersarerationalandweighupthecostsandbenefitsbeforemakingapurchase,anyonewhohaseverwalkedintoashopandleftfiveminuteslaterwithanewjacketand180lessintheirwalletknowsthatthistheorydoesnotalwaysholdtrue.

52.__________.5.Herresearchonconsumerbehavioridentifiedimpulsivebuyingasanattemptbyshopperstobolstertheirself-image,particularlyforthosewhosufferedfromso-calledcompulsivebuyingorshoppingaddiction,aconditionthataffects2to5percentofadultsintheWest.

6.Thethree-yearstudycomparedexcessivebuyerstoasimilargroupofordinaryconsumers.7.Excessiveshoppersweremorematerialisticandbelievedthatbuyinggoodswasapathwaytosuccess,happinessandidentity.8.“Excessivebuyingisacopingstrategytofillthegapsbetweenhowshoppersfeelaboutthemselvesandthepersontheywanttobe,”DrDittmarsaid.53.__________.9.Herresearchalsorevealsthatcertaintypesofgoodsaremorelikelytobeboughtonimpulsethanothers.10.Thosemostfrequentlyreported---clothes,jewellery,ornaments–arecloselyrelatedtoself-imageandappearance.11.Thisfindingiscontrarytousualtheoriesaboutimpulseshopping,whichexplainitasashort-termgratificationwinningoutoverlonger-termconcernssuchasdebt.

54.__________.12.Inotherwords,shoppersweremorewillingtowaitfor“lowimpulse ”goodssuchaskitchenware,thantheywereforclothesorother“highimpulse
”items.13.However,itwasfoundthatsomeofthe60consumersaskedtomaintainashoppingdiaryforthestudyoftenregrettedtheirimpulsivepurchases.14.DrDittmarsaid,“Whenpeoplehadexplicitlyboughtforself-imagereasons,regretwasmorelikelytooccur.”

15.Butthisfindingwasambiguousbecauseshoppingaddictsweremoremotivatedbyself-imagethanordinaryshoppersandweremorelikelytoregrettheiractions.16.“It’snotquiteclearwhichwayroundthisrelationshipgoes,butthereisalinkbetweenbeingveryconcernedwithself-imagegoodsandregrettingimpulsebuying. ”17.TheconclusionsdrawnbyDrDittmaraboutthetreatmentofcompulsiveshoppersarethatprescribinganti-depressantdrugsmightsolvetheproblembutonlyaslongassuffererscontinuetotakethem.18.Instead,theyneededtherapeutichelptoaddresstheunderlyingcausesuchaspoorself-image.

55.__________.19.“Innosensedothesepeopledirectlyforceanyonetobuyanything.20.Buttheyareverysophisticated,makingadvertisementsandshoppingenvironmentsveryseductiveandplayingontheideathatifyoubuyproductXyouwillbemuchmoreattractive.
”

A.Dr.Dittmarsaidthattheideathatconsumers’impulsivenessdiffered,dependingonthetypeofgoods,wasalsosupportedbythefindingthatshopperswerelesswillingtodelaygratificationforitemsboughtonimpulse.

B.Buttherearepitfalls,suchasdebtandaddictiontobuying.Addictsshopforshopping’ssakeratherthantobuywhattheyneed.

C.HelgaDittmar,seniorlecturerinpsychologyatSussexUniversity,hasfoundthatconsumergoodsarethematerialsymbolsofwhoapersonisandwhotheywouldliketobe.

D.Herresearchalsoraisesquestionsoverthemethodsusedtoattractshoppersandencouragethemtobuy.Althoughadvertisersandretailersincreasinglyappealtoconsumers’self-image,DrDittmarsaiditwasverydifficulttoarguethatthesefactorswereresponsibleforcompulsiveshopping.

E.Althoughtherewereotherwaysofdealingwithpoorself-image,suchasover-exercisingoralcoholism,shesaidthatshoppinghadbecomeoneofthemostimportantstrategies.Thiswasespeciallytrueforwomen,whowerethreetimesmorelikelytobecompulsiveshoppersthanmen,asshoppingwasasociallyapprovedactivity,andallowedthosewhodonotgoouttoworktogetoutofthehouse,Dr.Dittmarsaid.

F.Womenmakethemajorityofbuyingdecisions---estimatesanywherefrom60-80%andgrowing.Despitethesefacts,someindustrieshavecreatedfrustratingwallsandbarriersfailingtocatertothebuyingcharacteristicswomenarelookingfor.

G.Thishasbeenmadepossiblebythe75percentincreaseindisposableincomeinthepast20years.Thenumberofcreditcardsinusehasmorethanquadrupled,andtheamountofoutstandingconsumerdebthasalmosttripledinthesameperiod.

ReadingPassage6

Questions56-60arebasedonthefollowingreadingpassage.Inthefollowingpassage,somesentenceshavebeenremoved.Forquestions56-60,choosethemostsuitableonefromthelistA-Gtofitintoeachofthenumberedblank.Therearetwoextrachoicesthatdonotfitinanyofthegaps.

1.Inthegripofabubblementality,we---asinvestors,consumersandbusinesses---blithelyassumedriskandconvincedourselvesitwasperfectlysagetodoso.2.Weboughthouseswithnomoneydown,tookonhugeamountsofdebtandlettheboomingstockandhousingmarketsperformtheheavyliftingofsaving.3.Afterall,newtechnologies,securitizationandderivativespermittedfinancialwizardstoslice,dice,sell---and,ultimately,banish---anytypeofrisk.4.ButtheintellectualscaffoldingsurroundingthatcultureofdebtandriskhasfallenalongwiththestocksofCitigroupandAIG.5.Andnowthezeitgeisthasspun180degrees.6.Squeezeyournickels,slashdebt,stopgambling.

56.__________.7.Thosearethe$4trillionquestions.8.Earlierthisdecade,wetransitionedeffortlesslyfromthedotcombubbletoahousingandcreditbubble,whichsuggestsapowerfulresiliency.9.Butfinancialtraumacanleavedeepscartissue,asitdidaftertheGreatDepression.

10.It’stemptinginthisperiodofcontractiontomimicThoreau,tolivesimplyanddeliberately.11.Butifweloseourpenchantforgainandrisk,we’lllosesomeoftheessenceofwhatmakesusAmerican.12.Economistswarnthatifwedon’tmanagetojolttheeconomybacktolifesoon,weruntheriskofrepeatingJapan’s“lostdecade”ofthe1990s.Wouldthatbesobad?57.__________.13.ButAmericaisdifferent.Thankstoourcontinuallyrisingpopulation,weneedsignificantgrowthjousttomaintainourstandardsofliving---andthehealthofourdemocracy.

14.Savingcashandbuildingupreservesisanecessaryfirststeptorecovery.15.Buteventuallythemountainofcashhastobeputtowork.16.Lastweek’ssharpmarketrallywascertainlyasign---howeverfleetingitmayturnouttobe---thatinvestorsareputtingmoneytoworkagain.58.__________.

17.Between1996and2007,accordingtotheKauffmanFoundation,about0.3percentoftheadultpopulationstartedanewbusinesseachmonth,orabout495,000permonth.59.__________.18.Inrecentyears,manynewbusinesseshavebeenfinancedthroughretirementsavings,secondmortgagesandcredit-carddebt.19.Noneofthosethreesourcesoffundingisparticularlydeepnow.20.Evenso,layoffscanproveapowerfulspurtoentrepreneurship.

20.Thenewethosofthrift,whichisasmuchaboutefficiencyandsustainabilityasitisaboutpenny-pinching,mayhavesignificantcommercialapplications---beyondgreenroofs.21.Startupsinwindpowerandsmart-gridtechnologyarestillfindingsourcesoffunding.22.Smallenterprisesthatinstallsolarpanelsandconductenergyauditsareexpanding.60.___________.

23.Themarkets,andtheeconomyasawhole,arecontinuallybuffetedbythetwinforcesoffearandgreed.24.Forthepastyear,fearhasclearlyhadtheupperhand.25.Butovertime,asfearsubsides,ourinborninstinctstoimproveourlot---AdamSmithwouldcallitself-interest---willmakeacomeback.

A.They,andotherbusinesses,willbenefitfrommeasuresintherecentlypassedstimuluspackagetoweatherizehomes,andmakegovernmentbuildingsmoreenergy-efficient.

B.Afterall,whileJapanenduredaprolongedperiodofslowgrowth,nobodystarved,therewasnosocialunrestintheagingcountry,anditsbiggestcompaniescontinuedtoinnovate.

C.UntilAmericaemergesfromitsbunker,theglobaleconomy---facingitsfirstyearofcontractionsinceWorldWarII---islikelytoremainmoribund.

D.Isthiserathriftatemporaryphenomenon?Willwereverttoourrisk-takingselvesassoonaswelatchontothenextNew,NewThing?

E.Butinvestingduringslacktimesrequiresaleapoffaith.It’spossiblethatallweneedisanotherboutofenthusiasmtojoltthenationoutofitstorpor.

F.There’snoreasontothinksuchentrepreneurialactivitywilldeclineinthisrecession,althoughtherearesomebarriers.

G.Evenso,layoffscanproveapowerfulspurtoentrepreneurship.LastOctober,SusanDurrettwaslaidofffromherjobataSanFrancisco-basedarchitecturefirm.

ReadingPassage7

Questions61-65arebasedonthefollowingreadingpassage.Thefollowingparagraphsaregiveninawrongorder.ForQuestions61-65,youarerequiredtorecognizetheseparagraphsintoacoherenttextbychoosingfromthelistA-Gtofillineachnumberedbox.Paragraph1andparagraph5havebeenplacedforyouinBoxes.

A.Tobeginwith,moralvaluesinAmericaarelikethoseinanyculture.Infact,manyaspectsofmoralityareuniversal.Butthestoriesandtraditionsthatteachthemareuniquetoeachculture.Notonlythat,butalsocultureinfluenceshowpeopleshowthesevirtues.

B.DoAmericanshaveanymorals?That’sagoodquestion.Manypeopleinsistthatideasaboutrightandwrongaremerelypersonalopinions.Somevoices,though,arecallingAmericansbacktotraditionalmoralvalues.WilliamJ.Bennett,formerU.S.SecretaryofEducation,editedTheBookofVirtuesin1993todojustthat.Bennettsuggeststhatgreatmoralstoriescanbuildcharacter.ThesuccessofBennett’sbookshowsthatmanyAmericansstillbelieveinmoralvalues.Butwhatarethey?

C.AnothervirtueAmericansrespectisperseverance.RememberAesop’sfableabouttheturtleandtherabbitthathadarace?Therabbitthoughthecouldwineasily,sohetookanap.Buttheturtlefinallywonbecausehedidnotgiveup.Anotherstorytellsofalittletrainthathadtoclimbasteephill.Thehillwassosteepthatthelittletrainhadahardtimetryingtogetoverit.Butthetrainjustkeptpulling,allthewhilesaying,“IthinkIcan,IthinkIcan. ”Atlast,thetrainwasoverthetopofthehill.“IthoughtIcould,IthoughtIcould,
”chuggedthehappylittletrain.

D.OneofthemostbasicmoralvaluesforAmericansishonesty.Thewell-knownlegendaboutGeorgeWashingtonandthecherrytreeteachesthisvalueclearly.LittleGeorgecutdownhisfather’sfavouritecherrytreewhiletryingouthisnewhatchet.Whenhisfatheraskedhimaboutit,Georgesaid,“Icannottellalie.Ididitwithmyhatchet.”Insteadofpunishment,Georgereceivedpraisefortellingthetruth.SometimesAmericanhonesty---beingopenanddirect---canoffendpeople.ButAmericansstillbelievethat“honestyisthebestpolicy. ”

E.InnowaycanthisbriefdescriptioncoverallthemoralvalueshonoredbyAmericans.Courage,responsibility,loyalty,gratitudeandmanyotherscouldbediscussed.Infact,Bennett’sbestseller---over800pages---highlightsjust10virtues.EvenBennettadmitsthathehasonlyscratchedthesurface.Butnomatterhowlongorshortthelist,moralvaluesareinvaluable.TheyarethefoundationofAmericancultureandanyculture.

F.Compassioncaneventurnintoapositivecycle.Inthefallof1992,peopleinIowasenttruckloadsofwatertohelpFloridianshitbyahurricane.Thenextsummer,duringtheMidwestflooding,Floridareturnedthefavor.Inlessdramaticways,millionsofAmericansarequietlypassingalongthekindnessesshowntothem.

G.CompassionmaybethequeenofAmericanvirtues.Thestoryof“TheGoodSamaritan
”fromtheBibledescribesamanwhoshowedcompassion.Onhiswaytoacertaincity,aSamaritanmanfoundapoortravelerlyingontheroad.Thetravelerhadbeenbeatenandrobbed.ThekindSamaritan,insteadofjustpassingby,stoppedtohelpthispersoninneed.

Order:

B––(61.)––(62.)––(63.)––G––(64.)––(65.)

ReadingPassage8

Questions66-70arebasedonthefollowingreadingpassage.YouaregoingtoreadalistofheadingsandatextaboutE-Commerce.ChoosethemostsuitableheadingsfromthelistA-Fforeachnumberedparagraph(66-70).Thefirstandlastparagraphsofthetextarenotnumbered.Thereisoneextraheadingwhichyoudonotneedtouse.

A.HistoryofE-Commerce

B.ThefunctionofE-Commerce

C.DisadvantagesofE-Commerce

D.EconomicImpact

E.AdvantagesofE-Commerce

F.TheFutureofE-Commerce

1.ElectoniccommerceofE-Commercehasdevelopedveryrapidlyinthelastfewyearsandhasleftsomepeoplewonderingwhatitisallabout.2.“MostpeoplethinkE-CommerceisjustaboutbuyingandsellingthingsovertheInternet.”3.E-Commerceisabroadtermdescribingtheelectronicexchangeofbusinessdatabetweentwoormoreorganizations’computers.4.Someexamplesmightbetheelectronicfilingofyourincometaxreturn,on-lineserviceslikeProdigy,andon-linebillingforservicesorproductsreceived.5.E-CommercealsoincludesbuyingandsellinganyitemovertheInternet,electronicfundtransfer,smartcards,andallothermethodsofconductingbusinessoverdigitalnet-works.

66.

6.Electroniccommercewasbuiltonafoundationthatwasstartedmorethan125yearsagowithWesternUnion’smoneytransferasanexampleoftelegraphtechnology.7.Intheearly1900stheadventofcreditcardsasapaymentsystemrevolutionizedtheprocessofautomatedcommercefunctions.8.Inthemid-1980stheintroductionoftheATMcardwasthelatestimprovementtoelectroniccommerce.9.TheInternetwasconceivedin1969whentheDepartmentofDefensebeganfundingtheresearchofcomputernetworking.10.TheInternet,asameansforcommerce,didnotbecomerealityuntilthe1990s.11.Beforethistime,itwasmainlyatoolforthearmy,andaresearchdeviceforsomeAmericanuniversities.12.Itspopularitygrewwhenitprovedtobecomeafastandefficientmeanstoconductlongdistancetransaction,aswellasaneffectivewaytodistributeinformation.

67.

13.Clearly,E-Commercewillchangethefaceofbusinessforever.14.Companiesthatarethousandsofmilesawaycancompletebusinesstransactionsinamatterofsecondsaswellasexchangeinformation.15.Withoutadoubt,theInternetisusheringinaneraofsweepingchangethatwillleavenobusinessorindustryuntouched.16.Injustthreeyears,theNethasgonefromaplaygroundfornerdsintoavastcommunicationsandtradingcenterwheresome90millionpeopleswapinformationordodealsaroundtheworld.

68.

17.TheprimaryadvantagethatE-Commercepossessesisspeed.18.TheInternetandWorldWideWebgivebusinessesopportunitiestoexchangemessagesorcompletetransactionsalmostinstantaneously.19.ByusingtheInternet,marketing,distribution,personnel,phone,postageandprintingcosts,amongmanyothers,canbereduced.20.Youcanstartdoingbusinessincyberspaceforaslittleas$100.21.Cyberspaceknowsnonationalboundaries.22.Thatmeansyoucandobusinessallovertheworldaseasilyasyoucaninyourownneighborhood.

69.

23.Apotentialsourceoftroubleiscustomerconcernswithprivacyandsecurity.24.TheconcernregardingInternetsecurityandprivacyisthatunscrupuloushackerscancapturecreditcardorcheckingaccountdataasitistransferredorbreakintocomputersthatholdthesameinformation.25.E-Commerceisbasedontheassumptionthattheparticipantswillpayforwhattheybuy.26.TherehasbeenanotedreluctanceamongInternetuserstoactuallypay,particularlyforthedigitalgoodsandservices.27.Asaresult,muchofthecurrentbusinessontheInternetisfundedusingbusinessmodelsotherthanuse-pays,primarilyadvertisingandsponsorship.

70.

28.RestassuredthefutureofE-Commerceisintactandeverchanging.29.“Likeelectricity,antibiotics,orthecar,theInternetisarevolutionarytechnology. ”30.ItisquiteevidentthatE-Commerceisonlygainingspeed.WithInternettrafficdoublingevery100daysthedigitaleconomyisaliveandgrowing.31.Thehugegrowthofvirtualcommunitiesiscausingshiftsineconomicpowerfromlargecorporationstosmallerbusinesses.32.Withmanyofthetechnologicaladvancesinthebanking,on-linetradingandretailindustries,E-Commercewillsoonbecomethefoundationofourlifejustasradio,telephoneandtelevisionhaveinthepast.

33.WiththesteadygrowthoftheInternet,andthefactthateveryyearmoreandmorefamiliesareplugginginandsurfingtheweb,canacompanysurvivewithouttheuseoftheInternetandE-Commerce?34.Probably,butnotforlong.TheInternetandE-Commerceareheretostay,sobusinessescaneitherchangewiththetimes,orgetleftbehind.Thechoiceistheirstomake.

IV.Writing(30%)

Directions:youaresupposedtowriteaccordingtothefollowingsituation:

Inthepast,auniversitycouldexpelregularstudentsiftheygotmarriedduringtheirstudies.Thisbanhascompelledstudentswhowerecontemplatingmarriageorgotpregnanttomakepainfulchoices---togiveupstudyordelaymarriageorhaveanabortion.But,since2003,morethan70universitiesontheChinesemainlandhadliftedthemarriagebantogivethegreenlighttostudentcoupleswhowanttomarry.Peoplehavedifferentopinionsonthisissue.Whatdoyouthinkofit?

Requirements:WriteontheANSWERSHEETanessayofabout400wordstoexpoundclearlyyourviewpointontheissue.Youshouldsupplyanappropriatetitleforyouressay.

Youaretowriteinthreeparts.Inthefirstpart,statespecificallywhatyourthesisstatementis.Inthesecondpart,giveappropriatedetailsorreasonstosupportyourthesisstatement.Inthelastpart,bringwhatyouhavewrittentoanaturalconclusionorasummary.

Markswillbeawardedforcontent,organization,grammarandappropriateness.Failuretofollowtheinstructionsmayresultinalossofmarks.