教育学#2006年考研究生英语翻译及答案

类目：三人行考研网>教育学>正文

时间：2017-08-1617:44:58

以下是三人行考研网小编为大家整理的“2006年考研英语翻译及答案” ，以供广大考生参考
，希望对你们有所帮助 。

2006年考研英语翻译及答案

　　PartC

Directions:

ReadthefollowingtextcarefullyandthentranslatetheunderlinedsegmentsintoChinese.YourtranslationshouldbewrittenclearlyonANSWERSHEET2.(10points)

IsittruethattheAmericanintellectualisrejectedandconsideredofnoaccountinhissociety?Iamgoingtosuggestthatitisnottrue.FatherBruckbergertoldpartofthestorywhenheobservedthatitistheintellectualswhohaverejectedAmerica.Buttheyhavedonemorethanthat.Theyhavegrowndissatisfiedwiththeroleofintellectual.Itisthey,notAmerica,whohavebecomeanti-intellectual.

First,theobjectofourstudypleadsfordefinition.Whatisanintellectual?1)IshalldefinehimasanindividualwhohaselectedashisprimarydutyandpleasureinlifetheactivityofthinkinginaSocratic(苏格拉底)wayaboutmoralproblems.Heexploressuchproblemsconsciously,articulately,andfrankly,firstbyaskingfactualquestions,thenbyaskingmoralquestions,finallybysuggestingactionwhichseemsappropriateinthelightofthefactualandmoralinformationwhichhehasobtained.2)Hisfunctionisanalogoustothatofajudge,whomustaccepttheobligationofrevealinginasobviousamanneraspossiblethecourseofreasoningwhichledhimtohisdecision.

Thisdefinitionexcludesmanyindividualsusuallyreferredtoasintellectuals--theaveragescientist,forone.3)Ihaveexcludedhimbecause,whilehisaccomplishmentsmaycontributetothesolutionofmoralproblems,hehasnotbeenchargedwiththetaskofapproachinganybutthefactualaspectsofthoseproblems.Likeotherhumanbeings,heencountersmoralissuesevenintheeverydayperformanceofhisroutineduties--heisnotsupposedtocookhisexperiments,manufactureevidence,ordoctorhisreports.4)Buthisprimarytaskisnottothinkaboutthemoralcodewhichgovernshisactivity,anymorethanabusinessmanisexpectedtodedicatehisenergiestoanexplorationofrulesofconductinbusiness.Duringmostofhiswakinglifehewilltakehiscodeforgranted,asthebusinessmantakeshisethics.

Thedefinitionalsoexcludesthemajorityofteachers,despitethefactthatteachinghastraditionallybeenthemethodwherebymanyintellectualsearntheirliving.5)Theymayteachverywellandmorethanearntheirsalaries,butmostofthemmakelittleornoindependentreflectionsonhumanproblemswhichinvolvemoraljudgment.Thisdescriptionevenfitsthemajorityofeminentscholars.Beinglearnedinsomebranchofhumanknowledgeisonething,livingin"publicandillustriousthoughts, ”asEmersonwouldsay,issomethingelse.

答案解析

PartC(10points)

1.我将他定义为一个对道德问题进行苏格拉底式思考并将此作为自己人生首要责任和快乐的人
。

2.他的职责与法官相似，必须承担这样的责任：用尽可能明了的方式来展示自己做出决定的推理过程。

3.我之所以把他(普通科学家)排除在外 ，是因为尽管他的成果可能会有助于解决道德问题
，但他承担的任务只不过是研究这些问题的事实方面 。

4.但是，他的首要任务并不是考虑支配自己行为的道德规范 ，就如同不能指望商人专注于探索行业规范一样
。

5.他们可以教得很好
，而且不仅仅是为了挣薪水，但他们大多数人却很少或没有对需要进行道德判断的、人的问题进行独立思考。