管理学#2017年考研究生英语一及答案

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时间：2017-07-3111:05:58

对于考研的同学来说，英语复习是一件令人头疼的事，为了帮助大家顺利的考试，三人行考研网小编为大家整理了2017年考研英语一及答案的相关信息，希望对大家的复习有所帮助。

2017年全国硕士研究生招生考试

英语（一）试题

SectionⅠUseofEnglish

Directions:

Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)

Couldahugadaykeepthedoctoraway?Theanswermaybearesounding“yes! ”1helpingyoufeelcloseand2topeopleyoucareabout,itturnsoutthathugscanbringa3ofhealthbenefitstoyourbodyandmind.Believeitornot,awarmembracemightevenhelpyou4gettingsickthiswinter.

Inarecentstudy5over400healthyadults,researchersfromCarnegieMellonUniversityinPennsylvaniaexaminedtheeffectsofperceivedsocialsupportandthereceiptofhugs6theparticipants’susceptibilitytodevelopingthecommoncoldafterbeing7tothevirus.Peoplewhoperceivedgreatersocialsupportwerelesslikelytocome8withacold,andtheresearchers9thatthestress-reducingeffectsofhugging10about32percentofthatbeneficialeffect.11amongthosewhogotacold,theoneswhofeltgreatersocialsupportandreceivedmorefrequenthugshadlesssevere12.

“Huggingprotectspeoplewhoareunderstressfromthe13riskforcoldsthat’susually14withstress,”notesSheldonCohen,aprofessorofpsychologyatCarnegie.Hugging“isamarkerofintimacyandhelps15thefeelingthatothersaretheretohelp16difficulty.”

Someexperts17thestress-reducing,health-relatedbenefitsofhuggingtothereleaseofoxytocin,oftencalled“thebondinghormone”18itpromotesattachmentinrelationships,includingthatbetweenmothersandtheirnewbornbabies.Oxytocinismadeprimarilyinthecentrallowerpartofthebrain,andsomeofit19inthebrain,whereit20mood,behaviorandphysiology.

1.A.UnlikeB.BesidesC.ThroughoutD.Despite

2.A.equalB.restrictedC.connectedD.inferior

3.A.hostB.viewC.lessonD.choice

4.A.recallB.forgetC.avoidD.keep

5.A.collectingB.affectingC.guidingD.involving

6.A.onB.inC.atD.of

7.A.devotedB.exposedC.lostD.attracted

8.A.alongB.acrossC.downD.out

9.A.imaginedB.deniedC.doubtedD.calculated

10.A.servedB.explainedC.restoredD.required

11.A.ThusB.StillC.RatherD.Even

12.A.defeatsB.symptomsC.errorsD.tests

13.A.highlightedB.minimizedC.controlledD.increased

14.A.associatedB.equippedC.presentedD.compared

15.A.assessB.moderateC.generateD.record

16.A.inthefaceofB.intheformofC.inthenameofD.inthewayof

17.A.attributeB.commitC.transferD.return

18.A.unlessB.becauseC.thoughD.until

19.A.vanishesB.emergesC.remainsD.decreases

20.A.experiencesB.combinesC.justifiesD.Influences

[答案]

1.[B]Besides

2.[C]connected

3.[A]host

4.[C]avoid

5.[D]involving

6.[A]on

7.[B]exposed

8.[C]down

9.[D]calculated

10.[B]explained

11.[D]Even

12.[B]symptoms

13.[D]increased

14.[A]associated

15.[C]generate

16.[A]inthefaceof

17.[A]attribute

18.[B]because

19.[C]remains

20.[D]influences

SectionⅡReadingComprehension

PartA

Directions：

Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(40points)

Text1

Firsttwohours,nowthreehours-thisishowfarinadvanceauthoritiesarerecommendingpeopleshowuptocatchadomesticflight,atleastatsomemajorU.S.airportswithincreasinglymassivesecuritylines.

Americansarewillingtotoleratetime-consumingsecurityproceduresinreturnforincreasedsafety.ThecrashofEgyptAirFlight804,whichterroristsmayhavedownedovertheMediterraneanSea,providesanothertragicreminderofwhy.Butdemandingtoomuchofairtravelersorprovidingtoolittlesecurityinreturnunderminespublicsupportfortheprocess.Anditshould:WastedtimeisadragonAmericans’economicandprivatelives,nottomentioninfuriating.

Lastyear,theTransportationSecurityAdministration(TSA)foundinasecretcheckthatundercoverinvestigatorswereabletosneakweapons-bothfakeandreal-pastairportsecuritynearlyeverytimetheytried.Enhancedsecuritymeasuressincethen,combinedwithariseinairlinetravelduetotheimprovingeconomyandlowoilprices,haveresultedinlongwaitsatmajorairportssuchasChicago’sO'HareInternational.Itisnotyetclearhowmuchmoreeffectiveairlinesecurityhasbecome-butthelinesareobvious.

Partoftheissueisthatthegovernmentdidnotanticipatethesteepincreaseinairlinetravel,sotheTSAisnowrushingtogetnewscreenersontheline.Partoftheissueisthatairportshaveonlysomuchroomforscreeninglanes.Anotherfactormaybethatmorepeoplearetryingtooverpacktheircarry-onbagstoavoidchecked-baggagefees,thoughtheairlinesstronglydisputethis.

ThereisonesteptheTSAcouldtakethatwouldnotrequireremodelingairportsorrushingtohire:EnrollmorepeopleinthePreCheckprogram.PreCheckissupposedtobeawin-winfortravelersandtheTSA.Passengerswhopassabackgroundcheckareeligibletouseexpeditedscreeninglanes.ThisallowstheTSAtofocusontravelerswhoarehigherrisk,savingtimeforeveryoneinvolved.TheTSAwantstoenroll25millionpeopleinPreCheck.

Ithasnotgottenanywhereclosetothat,andonebigreasonisstickershock:Passengersmustpay$85everyfiveyearstoprocesstheirbackgroundchecks.Sincethebeginning,thispricetaghasbeenPreCheck’sfatalflaw.Upcomingreformsmightbringthepricetoamorereasonablelevel.ButCongressshouldlookdoingsodirectly,byhelpingtofinancePreCheckenrollmentortocutcostsinotherways.

TheTSAcannotcontinuedivertingresourcesunderusedPreChecklaneswhilemostofthetravelingpublicsuffersinunnecessaryline's.Itislongpasttimeomaketheprogramwork.

21.ThecrashofEgyptAirFlight804ismentionedto

[A]stresstheurgencytostrengthensecurityworldwide.

[B]explainAmerican’stoleranceofcurrentsecuritychecks.

[C]highlightthenecessityofupgradingmajorU.S.Airports.

[D]emphasizetheimportanceofprivacyprotection.

22.Whichofthefollowingcontributestolongwaitsatmajorairports?

[A]Newrestrictionsoncarry-onbags.

[B]ThedecliningefficiencyoftheTSA.

[C]Anincreaseinthenumberoftravelers.

[D]Frequentunexpectedsecretchecks.

23.Theword“expedited ”(Line4,Para.5)isclosestinmeaningto

[A]quieter.

[B]faster.

[C]wider.

[D]cheaper.

24.OneproblemwiththePreCheckprogramis

[A]adramaticreductionofitsscale.

[B]itswrongly-directedimplementation.

[C]thegovernment’sreluctancetobackit.

[D]anunreasonablepriceforenrollment.

25.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?

[A]GettingStuckinSecurityLines

[B]PreCheck-aBelatedSolution

[C]LessScreeningforMoreSafety

[D]UnderusedPreCheckLanes

Text1[答案]

21.[

B]explainAmericans'toleranceofcurrentsecurityworldwide

22.[C]Anincreaseinthenumberoftravellers

23.[D]faster

24.[D]anunreasonblepriceforenrollment

25.[A]LessScreeningforMoreSafety

Text2

“TheancientHawaiiansareastronomers”,wroteQueenLilihuokalani,Hawii’slastreigningmonarch,in1987,StarwatcherswereamongthemostesteemedmembersofHawaiiansociety.Sadly,allisnotwellwithastronomyinHawaiitoday.ProtestershaveeruptofoverconstructionoftheThirtyMeterTelescope(TMT),agiantobservatorythatpromisestorevolutionizehumanity’sviewofcosmos.

AttheissueistheTMT’splannedlocationonMaunaKea,adomantvolcanoworshipedbyhsomeHawaiianaspoko,thatconnectstheHawaiianIslandtotheheavens.ButMaunaKeaisalsohometosomeoftheworld’smostpowerfultelescopes.RestedinthePercificOcean,MaunaKea’speakrisesabovethebulkofourplanet’sdenseatmosphere,whereconditionsallowtelescopestoobtainimagesofsurpassedclarity.

OppositionstotelescopesonMaunaKeaisnothingnew.AsmallbutvocalgroupofHawaiiansandenvironmentalistshavelongviewedtheirpresenceasdisrespectforsacredlandandapainfulreminderofoccupationofwhatwasonesasovereignnation.

Someblameforthecurrentcontroversybelongstoastronomers.Intheireagernesstobuiltbiggertelescopes,theyforgotthatscienceisnottheonlywayforunderstandingtheworld.TheydidnotalwaysprioritizetheprotectionofMaunaKea’sfragileecosystemsoritsholinesstotheislands’inhabitants.Hawaiiancultureisnottherelicofthepastitisalivingcultureundergoingarenaissancetoday.

Yetsciencehasaculturehistory,too,whichrootsgoingbacktothedawnofcivilization.ThesamecuriositytofindwhatliesbeyondthehorizonthatfirstbroughtclearlyPolynesianstoHawaii’sshoresinspiresastronomerstodaytoexploretheheavens.CallstodisassemblealltelescopesonMaunaKeaortobanbothseektoanswerbigquestionsaboutwhoweare,wherewecomefromandwherewearegoing.Perhapsthatiswhyweexplorethestarryskies.Asifansweringaprimarycallingtoknowourselvesandourtrueancestralhomes.

TheastronomycommunityismakingcomprisestochangeitsuseofMaunaKea.TheTMTsitewaschosentominimizethetelescope’svisibilityaroundtheislandandtoavoidarchaeologicalandenvironmentalimpact.TolimitthenumberoftelescopesonMaunaKea,oldoneswillberemovedattheendoftheirlifetimesandtheirsitesretunedtoanaturalstate.ThereisnoreasonwhyeveryonecannotbewelcomedonMaunaKeatoembracetheirculturalheritageandtostudythestars.

26.QueenLiliuokalani’sremarkinParagraph1indicates

[A].herconservativeviewonthehistoricalroleofastronomy

[B].theimportanceofastronomyinancientHawaiiansociety

[C].theregrettabledeclineofastronomyinancienttimes

[D].herappreciationofstarwatcher’sfeatsinhertime

27.MaunaKeaisdeemedasanidealastronomicalsitedueto

[A].itsgeographicalfeatures

[B].itsprotectivesurroundings

[C].itsreligiousimplication

[D].itsexcitinginfrastructure

28.TheconstructionoftheTMTisopposedbysomelocalpartlybecause

[A].itmayriskruiningthetheirintellectuallife

[B].itremainsthemofahumiliatinghistory

[C].theirculturewillloseachanceofrevival

[D].theyfearlosingcontrolofMaunaKea

29.ItcanbeinferredfromParagraph5thatprogressintoday’sastronomy

[A].isfulfillingthedreamsofancientHawaiian

[B].helpsspreadHawaiiancultureacrosstheworld

[C].maycovertheoriginofHawaiianculture

[D].willeventuallysoftenHawaiians’history

30.Theauthor’sattitudetowardschoosingMaunaKeaastheTMTsiteisoneof

[A].severecriticism

[B].passiveacceptance

[C].slighthesitancy

[D].fullapproval

Text2[答案]

26.[C]theregrettabledeclineofastronomyinancienttimes

27.[A]itsgeographicalfeatures

28.[B]itremindsthemofahumiliatinghistory

29.[C]mayuncovertheoriginofHawaiianculture

30.[D]fullapproval

Text3

RobertF.Kennedyoncesaidthatacountry’sGDPmeasures“everythingexceptthatwhichmakeslifeworthwhile.”WithBritainvotingtoleavetheEuropean,andGDPalreadypredictedtoslowasaresult,itisnowatimelymomenttoassesswhathewasreferringto.

ThequestionofGDPanditsusefulnesshasannoyedpolicymakersforoverhalfacentury.Manyarguethatitisaflawedconcept.Itmeasuresthingsthatdonotmatterandmissthingsthatdo.Bymostrecentmeasures,theUK’sGDPhasbeentheenvyoftheWesternWorld,withrecordlowunemploymentandhighgrowthfigures.Ifeverythingwasgoingsosowell,thenwhydidover17millionpeoplevoteforBrexit,despitethewarningsaboutwhatitcoulddototheircountry’seconomicprospects?

Arecentannualstudyofcountriesandtheirabilitytoconvertgrowthwell-beingshedssomelightonthatquestion.Acrossthe163countriesmeasured,theUKisoneofthepoorestperformersinensuringthateconomicgrowthistranslatedmeaningfulimprovementforitscitizens.RatherthanjustfocusingonGDP,over40differentsetsofcriteriafromhealth,educationandcivilsocietyengagementhavebeenmeasuredtogetamoreroundedassessmentofhowcountriesareperforming.

Whileallofthesecountriesfacetheirownchallenges,thereareanumberofconsistentthemes.Yes,therehasbeenabuddingeconomicrecoverysincethe2008globalcrash,butinkeyindicatorsinareassuchashealthandeducation,majoreconomieshavecontinuedtodecline.Yetthisisn’tthecasewithallcountries.SomerelativelypoorEuropeancountrieshaveseenhugeimprovementsacrossmeasuresincludingcivilsociety,incomeequalityandtheenvironment.

Thisisalessonthatrichcountriescanlearn:WhenGDPisnolongerregardedasthesolemeasureofacountry’ssuccess,theworldlooksverydifferent.

So,whatKennedywasreferringtowasthatwhileGDPhasbeenthemostcommonmethodformeasuringtheeconomicactivityofnations,asameasure,itisnolongerenough.Itdoesnotincludeimportantfactorssuchasenvironmentalequalityoreducationoutcomes-allthingsthatcontributetoaperson’ssenseofwell-being.

ThesharphittogrowthpredictedaroundtheworldandintheUKcouldleadtoadeclineintheeverydayserviceswedependonforourwell-beingandforgrowth.Butpolicymakerwhorefocuseffortsonimprovingwell-beingratherthansimplyworryingaboutGDPfigurescouldavoidtheforecasteddoomandmayevenseeprogress.

31.RobertF.Kennedyiscitedbecausehe

ApraisedtheUKforitsGDP.

BidentifiedGDPwithhappiness.

CmisinterpretedtheroleofGDP.

DhadalowopinionofGDP.

32.ItcanbeinferredfromParagraph2that

AtheUKisreluctanttoremolditseconomicpattern.

BtheUKwillcontributelesstotheworldeconomy.

CGDPasthemeasureofsuccessiswidelydefiedintheUK.

DpolicymakerintheUKarepayinglessattentiontoGDP.

33.Whichofthefollowingistrueabouttherecentannualstudy?

AItexcludesGDPasanindicator.

BItissponsoredby163countries.

CItscriteriaarequestionable.

DItsresultareenlightening.

34.Inthelasttwoparagraphs,theauthorsuggeststhat

AtheUKispreparingforaneconomicboom.

BhighGDPforeshadowsaneconomicdecline.

CitisessentialtoconsiderfactorsbeyondGDP.

Ditrequirescautiontohandleeconomicissue.

35.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?

AhighGDPButInadequateWell-being,aUKLesson

BGDPFigures,aWindowonGlobalEconomicHealth

CRobertF.Kennedy,aTerminatorofGDP

DBrexit,theUK’sGatewaytoWell-being

Text3[答案]

31.[D]HadalowopinionofGDP.

32.[C]GDPasthemeasureofsuccessiswidelydefiedintheUK.

33.[A]Itsresultsareenlightening.

34.[C]ItisessentialtoconsiderfactorsarebeyondGDP.

35.[A]HighGDPButInadequateWell-being,aUKLesson.

Text4

Inarareunanimousruling,theUSSupremeCourthasoverturnedthecorruptionconvictionofaformerVirginiagovernor,RobertMcDonnell.Butitdidsowhileholdingitsnoseattheethicsofhisconduct,whichincludedacceptinggiftssuchasaRolexwatchandaFerrariautomobilefromacompanyseekingaccesstogovernment.

Thehighcourt’sdecisionsaidthejudgeinMr.McDonnell’strailfailedtotellajurythatitmustlookonlyathis“officialacts ”,ortheformergovernor’sdecisionson“specific”and“unsettled”issuesrelatedtohisduties.

Merelyhelpingagift-givergainaccesstootherofficials,unlessdonewithclearintenttopressurethoseofficials,isnotcorruption,thejusticesfound.

Thecourtdidsuggestthatacceptingfavorsinreturnforopeningdoorsis“distasteful ”and“nasty”.Butunderanti-briberylaws,proofmustbemadeofconcretebenefits,suchasapprovalofacontractorregulation.Simplyarrangingameeting,makingaphonecall,orhostinganeventisnotanan“officialact”.

Thecourt’srulingislegallysoundindefiningakindoffavoritismthatisnotcriminal.Electedleadersmustbeallowedtohelpsupportersdealwithbureaucraticproblemswithoutfearofprosecutionforbribery.“Thebasiccompactunderlyingrepresentativegovernment, ”wroteChiefJusticeJohnRobertforthecourt,“assumesthatpublicofficialswillhearfromtheirconstituentsandactontheirconcerns.”

Buttherulingreinforcestheneedforcitizensandtheirelectedrepresentatives,notthecourts,toensureequalityofaccesstogovernment.Officialsmustnotbeallowedtoplayfavoritesinprovidinginformationorinarrangingmeetingssimplybecauseanindividualorgroupprovidesacampaigndonationorapersonalgift.Thistypeofintegrityrequireswell-enforcedlawsingovernmenttransparency,suchasrecordsofofficialmeetings,rulesonlobbying,andinformationabouteachelectedleader’ssourcesofwealth.

Favoritisminofficialaccesscanfanpublicperceptionsofcorruption.Butitisnotalwayscorruption.Ratherofficialsmustavoiddoublestandards,ordifferenttypesofaccessforaveragepeopleandthewealthy.Ifconnectionscanbebought,abasicpremiseofdemocraticsociety---thatallareequalintreatmentbygovernment---isundermined.Goodgovernancerestsonanunderstandingoftheinherentworthofeachindividual.

Thecourt’srulingisastepforwardinthestruggleagainstbothcorruptionandofficialfavoritism.

36.Theunderlinedsentence(Para.1)mostprobablyshowsthatthecourt

AavoideddefiningtheextentofMcDonnell’sduties.

BmadenocompromiseinconvictingMcDonnell.

CwascontemptuousofMcDonnell’sconduct.

DrefusedtocommentonMcDonnell’sethics.

37AccordingtoParagraph4,anofficialactisdeemedcorruptiveonlyifitinvolves

Aconcretereturnsforgift-givers.

Bsizablegainsintheformofgifts.

Cleakingsecretsintentionally.

Dbreakingcontractsofficially.

38Thecourt’srulingisbasedontheassumptionthatpublicofficialsare

Aallowedtofocusontheconcernsoftheirsupporters.

Bqualifiedtodealindependentlywithbureaucraticissues.

Cjustifiedinaddressingtheneedsoftheirconstituents.

Dexemptfromconvictiononthechargeoffavoritism.

39Well-enforcedlawsingovernmenttransparencyareneededto

Aawakentheconscienceofofficials.

Bguaranteefairplayinofficialaccess.

Callowforcertainkindsoflobbying.

Dinspirehopesinaveragepeople.

40Theauthor’sattitudetowardthecourt’srulingis

Asarcastic.

Btolerant.

Cskeptical

Dsupportive

Text4[答案]

36.[B]madenocompromiseinconvictingMcDonnell

37.[A]concretereturnsforthegift-givers

38.[A]allowedtofocusontheconcernsoftheirsupporters

39.[B]guaranteefairplayinofficialaccess

40.[D]supportive

PartB

Directions:

Thefollowingparagraphsaregiveninawrongorder.Forquestions41-45,youarerequiredtorecognizetheseparagraphsacoherenttextbychoosingfromthelistA-Gandfillingthemthenumberedboxes.ParagraphsBandDhavebeencorrectlyplaced.MarkyouanswersontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)

[A]Thefirstpublishedsketch,“ADinneratPolarWalk”broughttearstoDickens’seyeswhenhediscovereditinthepagesofTheMonthlyMagazine.Fromthenonhissketches,whichappearedunderthepenname“Boz ”inTheEveningChronicle,earnedhimamodestreputation.

[B]TherunawaysuccessofThePickwickPapers,asitisgenerallyknowntoday,securedDickens’sfame.TherewerePickwickcoatsandPickwickcigars,andtheplump,spectacledhero,SamuelPickwick,becameanationalfigure.

[C]SoonafterSketchesbyBozappeared,apublishingfirmapproachedDickenstowriteastoryinmonthlyinstallments,asabackdropforaseriesofwoodcutsbythethen-famousartistRobertSeymour,whohadoriginatedtheideaforthestory.Withcharacteristicconfidence,DickenssuccessfullyinsistedthatSeymour’spicturesillustratehisownstoryinstead.Afterthefirstinstallment,Dickenswrotetohispose.Seymourmadethechange,wenthisbackyard,andexpressedhisdispleasurebycommittingsuicide.Dickensandhispublisherssimplypressedonwithanewartist.Thecomicnovel,ThePosthumousPapersofthePickwickClub,appearedseriallyin1836and1837andwasfirstpublishedinbookformin1837.

[D]CharlesDickensisprobablythebest-knownand,tomanypeople,thegreatestEnglishnovelistofthe19thcentury.Amoralist,satirist,andsocialreformer,DickenscaftedcomplexplotsandstrikingcharactersthatcapturethepanoramaofEnglishsociety.

[E]Soonafterhisfather’sreleasefromprison,Dickensgotabetterjobaserrandboyinlawoffices.Hetaughthimselfshorthandtogetonevenbetterjoblaterasacourtstenographerandasareporterinparliament.Atthesametime,Dickens,whohadareporter’seyefortranscribingthelifearoundhim,especiallyanythingcomicoradd,submittedshortsketchestoobscuremagazines.

[F]DickenswasborninPortsmatch,onEngland’sstudentcoast.HisfatherwasaclerkintheBritishNavypayoffice-arespectableposition,butwithlittlesocialstatus.Hispaternalgrandparents,astewardandahousekeeper,possessedevenlessstatus,havingbeenservants,andDickenslaterconcealedtheirbackground,Dickens’smothersupposedlycamefromamorerespectablefamily.YettwoyearsbeforeDickens’sbirth,hismother’sfatherhascaught,stealingandfledtoEurope,nevertoreturn.Thefamily’sincreasingpartyforcedDickensoutofschoolatage12toworkinwarren’sBlackingisNarehouse,ashoe-polishingfactory,wheretheotherworkingboysneckedhimasyounggentleman”.Hisfatherwasthenimprisonedfordebt.Thehumiliationsofhisfather’simprisonmentandhislaborintheblackingfactoryformedDickens’sgreatestwoundandbecamehisdeepsecret.Hecouldnotconfidethemeventohiswife,althoughtheyprovidetheacknowledgedfoundationofhisfiction.

[G]AfterPickwicr,Dickensplungedableakerword.Inotherhetracesanorphan’sprogressfromtheworkhousetothecriminalslumsofLondon.NieholasNickleby,hisnextnovel,combinesthedarknessofOliverTuiswiththesunlightofPickwick.ThepopularityofthesenovelsconsolidatedDicken’sasanationallyandinternationallycelebratedmanofletters.

[答案]

PartB

41.F.DickenswasborninPortsmactch,onEnglands…

42.E.Soonafterhisfather’sreleasefromprison…

43.A.Thefirstpublishedsketch,“ADinneratPoplarWalk”…

44.C.SoonafterSketchesbyBozappearedapublishingfirm…

45.G.AfterPickwick,Dickensplungedableakerworld…

PartC

Directions:

ReadthefollowingtextcarefullyandthentranslatetheunderlinedsegmentsChinese.YourtranslationshouldbewrittenneatontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)

ThegowthoftheuseofEnglishastheworld’sprimarylanguageforinternationalcommunicationhasobviouslybeencontinuingforseveraldecades(46)butevenasthenumberofEnglishspeakersexpandsfurthertherearesingsthattheglobalpredominanceofthelanguagemayfadewithintheforeseeablefuture.

Complexinternational,economic,technologicalandculturalchangescouldstarttodiminishtheleadingpositionofEnglishasthelanguageoftheworldmarket,andUKinterestswhichenjoyadvantagefromthebeadthofEnglishusagewouldconsequentlyfacefewpressures.ThoserealisticpossibilitiesarehighlightedinthestudypresentedbyDavidGraddol.(47)Hisanalysisshouldthereforeendanyself-contendednessamongthosewhomaybelievethattheglobalpositionofEnglishissostablethattheyounggenerationsoftheUnitedKingdomdonotneedadditionallanguagescapabilities.

DavidGraddolconcludesthatmonoglotEnglishgraduatesfaceableakeconomicfutureasqualifiedmultilingualyoungstersfromothercountriesareprovingtohaveacompetitiveadvantageovertheirBritishcounterpartsinglobalcompaniesandorganizationsalongsidethat(48)manycountriesareintroducingEnglishtheprimary-schoolcurriculumbutBritishschoolchildrenandstudentsdonotappeartobegaininggreaterencouragementtoachievefluencyinotherlanguages.Iflefttothemselves,suchtrendswilldiminishtherelativestrengthoftheEnglishlanguageininternationaleducationmarketsasthedemandforeducationalresourcesinlanguages,suchasSpanish,ArabicorMandaringrowsandinternationalbusinessprocessoutsourcinginotherlanguagessuchasJapanese,FrenchandGerman,spreads.

(49)ThechangesidentifiedbyDavidGraddolallpresentclearandmajorchallengestotheUK’sprovidersofEnglishlanguageteachingtopeopleofothercountriesandtobroadereducationbusinesssectors.TheEnglishlanguageteachingsectordirectlyearnsnearly&pound1.3billionfortheUKininvisibleexportsandourothereducationrelatedexportsearnupto&pound10billionayearmore.Astheinternationaleducationmarketexpands,therecentslowdowninthenumbersofinternationalstudentsstudyinginthemainEnglish-speakingcountriesislikelytocontinue,especiallyiftherearenoeffectivestrategicpoliciestopreventsuchslippage.Clearly,theeffectofdevelopmentsinthatdirectionwouldnotbelimitedtothecommercialandeducationalsectors.Culturalandcivilcontactsandunderstandingwouldalsobediluted.

Theanticipationofpossibleshiftsindemandprovidedbythisstudyissignificant:(50)ItgivesabasistoallorganizationswhichseektopromotethelearninganduseofEnglish,abasisforplanningtomeetthepossibilitiesofwhatcouldbeaverydifferentoperatingenvironment.Thatisanecessaryandpracticalapproach.Inthiscaseinmuchelse,thosewhowishtoinfluencethefuture.

[答案]

46.但是随着讲英语人数的进一步扩增，社会发现了这些迹象：英语语言的全球主导地位预期将来可能变弱。

47.因此，大卫·格瑞德尔的一些分析经过了一些人的自我满足，这些人可能相信英语的世界地位很稳固，因此英国的年轻人无需掌握其他语言能力。

48.许多国家正在将英语纳入小学课程当中，但是英国的儿童和学生似乎并未受到鼓励而能够流利地运用其他语言。

49.大卫·格瑞德尔所确定的这些变化都体现出了对英国的英语语言的提供者清晰且主要的质疑，这些提供者教其他国家的人们英语，并扩大教育事业的版图。

50.这一预期为试图促进英语语言的学习和使用的机构奠定了基础，也为满足这些可能性的计划奠定了基础，即人们能够建立一种截然不同的运行操作环境的可能性。

PartB

SectionIIIWriting

51.Directions:

YouaretowriteanemailtoJamesCook,anewly-arrivedAustraliaprofessor,recommendingsometouristattractioninyourcity.Pleasegivereasonforyourecommendation.

YoushouldwriteneatlyontheANSWERSHEET.

Donotsignyourownnameattheendoftheemai.Use“LiMing”instead.

Donotwritetheaddress.(10points).

51.[参考范文]

DearProfessor,

Iamwritingthislettertorecommendyousomefamousattractionsofthiscity.Ihavelivedheresince1990andhavebeenfamiliarwitheverycornerofourcity.

Firstly,consideringthatyouarethefreshvisitortoourcity,soitisadvisableforyoutohavealookupontheCity’sMuseum,whichisbeneficialforquicklylearningthecomprehensiveperspective,suchasthedevelopmentofthiscity,anditsspecificculture.What’smore,anothertouristsitedeservingyourattentionisourspecialandsophisticatedbuildingsinthecenterofthecity,sincethesebuildingsaretellingresidentsthegradualchanginghabitsandlifestyles,whicharehelpfultoassimilateyourselfthiscity.

Idohopethatyouwouldfindthesetouristattractionsworthyofyourvisitandappreciation.

Sincerelyyours,

LiMing

52.Directions:

Writeanessayof160-200wordsbasedonthefollowingpictures.Inyouressay,youshould

1)Describethepicturesbriefly

2)Interpretthemeaning,and

3)Giveyourcomments.

YoushouldwriteneatlyontheANSWERSHEET.(20points)

[参考范文]

Herearetwopictures,bothinterestingbutwithsharplycontrastedimplication.Asisvividlydepictedinthefirstphoto,amansittinginsofalookingathisbookshelvesandsatisfiedwiththequantity,whichsuccessfullyarousesourcuriosity.Onthecontrary,thesecondpicturedescribesthatanotherteenagersethisaimatcomplete20piecesbooksreading,finallycompletingthecontrastofthetwopictures.Apparently,whatthetwodrawingshavesubtlyconveyedbytheirstrikingcontrastissupposedtobegivenfurtheranalysis.

Withtheincreasingpaceofmodernlife,perhapsnochangehascharacterizedthepastdecademoredramaticallythanthewidespreadofreading.Naturally,itbringsusbothadvantagesanddisadvantages.Asformypart,thelatteroutweighsitsformer.Onthetopoflististhatpeoplebecameflippancywithoutreading.Inaddition,thereistheotherpointthatnoonecanignore.Itisuniversallyadmittedthatanationwillrecedewithoutreading.NoothercasecanbetterillustratetheconsequencesofwhatIhavediscussedthanthepictureabove.

Accordingtotheanalysisabove,itisadvisableforustotakestepstomaximizeitspositiveeffectsandminimizethedisadvantages.Ofallthesteps,massmediatendstofunctionessentiallyinthejob.Onlyinthiswaycanwemakethebestofthevalueofreadingandembraceabrightfuture.

管理学#2017年考研究生英语一及答案

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