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汉语:从某种意义上说,汉语是一种很古老的语言,其最早的汉字已有近四千年的历史了。汉字在其漫长的发展史中演化成许多不同的书写形式 ,例如篆书、隶书 、楷书和行书。中国书法家往往使汉字的字形夸张以取得艺术效果,例如旅游胜地的一些石刻碑文 。中国书法是一门研究艺术,随着各位学习兴趣的提高 ,我们将适时介绍中国书法的流派,以及如何欣赏中国书法的艺术性。

Inasense,Chineseisaveryoldlanguage,anditsearliestcharactersdatebacknearlyfourthousandyearsago.Duringtheirlonghistoryofdevelopment,Chinesecharactershaveevolvedintomanydifferentscriptforms,suchastheSealscript,Clericalscript,RegularscriptandRunningscript.ChinesecalligraphersusuallyrendertheirChinesecharactersinwaysthatexaggeratetheformtoyieldartisticbeauty,suchasthoseinstoneinscriptionsseenintouristresorts.Chinesecalligraphyisasubjectofartisticstudy.AsyourinterestinChinesecharactersystemincreasesinthedaystocome,wewillintroduceinduetimethedifferentschoolsofChinesecalligraphy,andhowtoappreciatetheartisticbeautyofChinesecalligraphy.

传统文化

中华民族的传统文化博大精深,源远流长。早在2000多年前 ,就产生了以孔孟为代表的儒家学说和以老庄为代表的道家学说,以及其他许多也在中国思想史上有地位的学说流派,这就是有名的“诸子百家” 。从孔夫子到孙中山 ,中华民族传统文化有它的许多珍贵品质,许多人民性和民主性的好东西。比如,强调仁爱 ,强调群体 ,强调和而不同,强调天下为公。特别是“天下兴亡,匹夫有责 ”的爱国情找 ,“民为邦本”,“民贵君轻”的民本思想,“己所不欲勿施于人 ”的待人之道 ,吃苦耐劳,勤俭持家,尊师重教的传统美德 ,世代相传 。所有这些,对家庭,国家和社会起到了巨大的维系与调节作用。

ThetraditionalChineseculture,bothextensiveandprofound,startsfarbackandrunsalong,longcourse.Morethan2,000yearsago,thereemergedinChinaConfucianismrepresentedbyConfuciusandMencius,TaoismrepresentedbyLaoZiandZhuangZi,andmanyothertheoriesanddoctrinesthatfiguredprominentlyinthehistoryofChinesethought,allbeingcoveredbythefamousterm”themasters’hundredschools.”ThetraditionalChineseculturepresentsmanypreciousideasandqualities,whichareessentiallypopulistanddemocratic.Forexample,theylaystressontheimportanceofkindnessandloveinhumanrelations,ontheinterestofthecommunity,onseekingharmonywithoutuniformityandontheideathattheworldisforall.Especially,patriotismasembodiedinthesaying ”Everybodyisresponsiblefortheriseorfallofthecountry”;thepopulistideasthat“peoplearethefoundationofthecountry”andthat“peoplearethemoreimportantthanthemonarch ”;thecodeofconductof“Treatothersasyouwanttobetreated”.Andthetraditionalvirtuestaughtfromgenerationtogeneration:enduranceandhardworkingdiligenceandfrugalityinhouseholdmanagement,andrespectingteachersandvaluingeducation.Allofwhichhaveplayedagreatroleinbindingandregulatingthefamily,thecountryandthesociety.

红楼梦

《红楼梦》问世二百年以来,通过汉文原文和各种译文读过此书的人,不知有多少亿!这么多的读者哪一个是先看批评家的文章,然而再让批评家牵着鼻子走,按图索骥地去读原作呢?我看是绝无仅有的。一切文学作品,特别是象《红楼梦》这样伟大的作品,内容异常地丰富,涉及到的社会层面异常地多,简直象是一个宝山 ,一座迷宫 。而读者群就更加复杂,他们来读《红楼梦》,会各就自己的特点 ,欣赏该书中的某一个方面 ,受到鼓舞,受到启发,引起了喜爱;也可能受到打击 ,引起了憎恶。总之是千差万别。

EversincethepublicationofADreamofRedMansionssome200yearsago,hundredsofmillionsofpeoplehavereaditsChineseoriginaloritstranslationsinvariouslanguages.Oftheseinnumerablepeople,howmanyhavereadthenovelbystartingwithaperusalofthecritics'articlesandallowingthemselvestobeledbythenosebythecriticsastohowtoreadthenovel?Nexttonone.Allliteraryworks,especiallyamonumentalonelikeADreamofRedMansions,areextremelyrichincontentandinvolvediversesocialstrata-tosuchanextentthattheyvirtuallyresembleamountainoftreasureoralabyrinth.Andthereadersareevenmorecomplicated,differingfromeachotherinfamilybackground.Theywilleachappreciateacertainaspectofthenovelaccordingtotheirownindividuality.Theymayfeelinspiredandenlightened,andhenceloveit,ortheymayfeelhurt,andhenceloatheit.Inshort,thereactionsvary.