考研英语#2018年考研究生英语(一)新题型概述

新题型(英语一)诞生于2005年——英语大纲进行了重大改革 ，考研英语一由原来的四大题型
，(完型 、阅读理解
、翻译、写作)扩展为5大题型(完型 、阅读理解
、新题型、翻译 、写作)，其中 ，新添加的一种题型就是新题型 。新题型属于阅读理解的PartB部分
，共5题，每题2分 ，总分10分
。然而，新题型所占分值相同
，考查能力相同，但是 ，英语一和英语二的考查新题型的命题形式稍有不同。今天准备了“2018考研英语新题型英语(一)概述”
，供大家复习参考 。

根据历年真题分析，及考研英语大纲要求 ，新题型对考生的考查能力
，势必要不同于传统阅读理解(PartA)，传统阅读理解 ，究根结底考查的是理解能力
，而新题型考查的能力，更侧重 ，强调一篇文章地宏观层面
，考查语篇、文章的段与段
、句与句之间的衔接与连贯，考查考生判断衔接度与连贯性的能力
。根据英语大纲对新题型考查能力的要求 ，新题型英语一分为三种命题形式：1、完型填句 、段式;2
、排序题;3、小标题。观察发现，自从2005年起至2017年(历经13年)
，其中，完型填句 、填段式 ，考频最高
，难度适中，共考过7年(2005,2006,2008,2009,2012,2013,2015年);排序题 ，考频适中
，难度最高，共考过4年(2010,2011,2014,2017年);小标题 ，考频最低
，难度最低，共考过2年(2007和2016年) 。

完型填句
、填段式指在文章中有5个空 ，通常文章后面给出6—7个未知选项(句子或是段落)
，考生根据衔接度最高，连贯性最大为原则 ，选出与已知信息相似性最大的选项，选填到文章中。简而言之
，与传统完型填空的区别是，新题型选填的是句子或者段落
。以2015年的完型填句、填段式为例

PartB

Directions:

Inthefollowingtext,somesentenceshavebeenremoved.ForQuestions41-45,choosethemostsuitableonefromthefistA-Gtofiteachofthenumberedblanks.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET.(10points)

Howdoesyourreadingproceed?Clearlyyoutrytocomprehend,inthesenseofidentifyingmeaningsforindividualwordsandworkingoutrelationshipsbetweenthem,drawingonyourexplicitknowledgeofEnglishgrammar(41)______youbegintoinferacontextforthetext,forinstance,bymakingdecisionsaboutwhatkindofspeecheventisinvolved:whoismakingtheutterance,towhom,whenandwhere.

Thewaysofreadingindicatedherearewithoutdoubtkindsofofcomprehension.Buttheyshowcomprehensiontoconsistnotjustpassiveassimilationbutofactiveengagementinferenceandproblem-solving.Youinferinformationyoufeelthewriterhasinvitedyoutograspbypresentingyouwithspecificevidenceandcues(42)_______

Conceivedinthisway,comprehensionwillnotfollowexactlythesametrackforeachreader.Whatisinquestionisnottheretrievalofanabsolute,fixedor“true ”meaningthatcanbereadoffandclockedforaccuracy,orsometimelessrelationofthetexttotheworld.(43)_______

Suchbackgroundmaterialinevitablyreflectswhoweare,(44)_______Thisdoesn’t,however,makeinterpretationmerelyrelativeorevenpointless.Preciselybecausereadersfromdifferenthistoricalperiods,placesandsocialexperiencesproducedifferentbutoverlappingreadingsofthesamewordsonthepage-includingfortextsthatengagewithfundamentalhumanconcerns-debatesabouttextscanplayanimportantroleinsocialdiscussionofbeliefsandvalues.

Howwereadagiventextalsodependstosomeextentonourparticularinterestinreadingit.(45)_______suchdimensionsofreadsuggest-asothersintroducedlaterinthebookwillalsodo-thatwebringanimplicit(oftenunacknowledged)agendatoanyactofreading.Itdoesn’tthennecessarilyfollowthatonekindofreadingisfuller,moreadvancedormoreworthwhilethananother.Ideally,differentkindsofreadinginformeachother,andactasusefulreferencepointsforandcounterbalancestooneanother.Together,theymakeupthereadingcomponentofyouroverallliteracyorrelationshiptoyoursurroundingtextualenvironment.

[A]Arewestudyingthattextandtryingtorespondinawaythatfulfilstherequirementofagivencourse?Readingitsimplyforpleasure?Skimmingitforinformation?Waysofreadingonatrainorinbedarelikelytodifferconsiderablyfromreadinginaseminarroom.

[B]Factorssuchastheplaceandperiodinwhichwearereading,ourgenderethnicity,ageandsocialclasswillencourageustowardscertaininterpretationbutatthesametimeobscureorevencloseoffothers.

[C]Ifyouareunfamiliarwithwordsoridioms,youguessattheirmeaning,usingcluespresentedinthecontest.Ontheassumptionthattheywillbecomerelevantlater,youmakeamentalnoteofdiscourseentitiesaswellaspossiblelinksbetweenthem.

[D]Ineffect,youtrytoreconstructthelikelymeaningsoreffectsthatanygivensentence,imageorreferencemighthavehad:Thesemightbetheonestheauthorintended.

[E]Youmakefurtherinferences,forinstance,abouthowthetestmaybesignificanttoyou,oraboutitsvalidity—inferencesthatformthebasisofapersonalresponseforwhichtheauthorwillinevitablybefarlessresponsible.

[F]Inplays ，novelsandnarrativepoems,charactersspeakasconstructscreatedbytheauthor,notnecessarilyasmouthpiecesfortheauthor’sownthoughts.

[G]Rather,weascribemeaningstotestonthebasisofinteractionbetweenwhatwemightcalltextualandcontextualmaterial:betweenkindsoforganizationorpatterningweperceiveinatext’sformalstructures(soespeciallyitslanguagestructures)andvariouskindsofbackground,socialknowledge,beliefandattitudethatwebringtothetext.(英语一
，2015)

排序题，顾名思义 ，将打乱的文章顺序
，(6-7个未知选段)按照文章地逻辑，衔接度 ，连贯性
，将其一一排列完整，其中 ，有1-2个选段已给出。需要注意的是
，已给段落的数量和位置 。以2017年的排序题为例

PartB

Directions:

Thefollowingparagraphsaregiveninawrongorder.ForQuestions41-45,youarerequiredtoreorganizetheseparagraphsacoherentarticlebychoosingfromthelistA-Gtofillingthemthenumberedbox.ParagraphsBandDhavebeencorrectlyplaced.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET.(10points)

[A]Thefirstpublishedsketch,“ADinneratPoplarWalk
”broughttearstoDickens’seyeswhenhediscovereditinthepagesofTheMonthlyMagazine.Fromthenonhissketches,whichappearedunderthepenname“Boz”inTheEveningChronicle,earnedhimamodestreputation.

[B]TherunawaysuccessofThePickwickPapers,asitisgenerallyknowntoday,securedDickens’sfame.TherewerePickwickcoatsandPickwickcigars,andtheplump,spectacledhero,SamuelPickwick,becameanationalfigure.

[C]SoonafterSketchesbyBozappeared,apublishingfirmapproachedDickenstowriteastoryinmonthlyinstallments,asabackdropforaseriesofwoodcutsbytheten-famousartistRobertSeymour,whohadoriginatedtheideaforthestory.Withcharacteristicconfidence,DickenssuccessfullyinsistedthatSeymour’spicturesillustratehisownstoryinstead.Afterthefirstinstallment,DickenswrotetotheartistandaskedhimtocorrectadrawingDickensfeltwasnotfaithfulenoughtohisprose.Seymourmadethechange,wenthisbackyard,andexpressedhisdispleasurebycommittingsuicide.Dickensandhispublisherssimplypressedonwithanewartist.Thecomicnovel,ThePosthumousPapersofthePickwickClub,appearedseriallyin1836and1837,andwasfirstpublishedinbookformin1837.

[D]CharlesDickensisprobablythebest-knownand,tomanypeople,thegreatestEnglishnovelistofthe19thcentury.Amoralist,satirist,andsocialreformer.DickenscraftedcomplexplotsandstrikingcharactersthatcapturethepanoramaofEnglishsociety.

[E]Soonafterhisfather’sreleasefromprison,Dickensgotabetterjobaserrandboyinlawoffices.HetaughthimselfshorthandtogetanevenbetterjoblaterasacourtstenographerandasareporterinParliament.Atthesametime,Dickens,whohadareporter’seyefortranscribingthelifearoundhimespeciallyanythingcomicorodd,submittedshortsketchestoobscuremagazines.

[F]DickenswasborninPortsmouth,onEngland’ssoutherncoast.HisfatherwasaclerkintheBritishnavypayoffice–arespectableposition,butwishlittlesocialstatus.Hispaternalgrandparents,astewardandahousekeeperpossessedevenlessstatus,havingbeenservants,andDickenslaterconcealedtheirbackground.Dicken’smothersupposedlycamefromamorerespectablefamily.YettwoyearsbeforeDicken’sbirth,hismother’sfatherwascaughtstealingandfledtoEurope,nevertoreturn.Thefamily’sincreasingpovertyforcedDickensoutofschoolatage12toworkinWarren’sBlackingWarehouse,ashoe-polishfactory,wheretheotherworkingboysmockedhimas“theyounggentleman. ”Hisfatherwasthenimprisonedfordebt.Thehumiliationsofhisfather’simprisonmentandhislaborintheblackingfactoryformedDicken’sgreatestwoundandbecamehisdeepestsecret.Hecouldnotconfidethemeventohiswife,althoughtheyprovidetheunacknowledgedfoundationofhisfiction.

[G]AfterPickwick,Dickensplungedableakerworld.InOliverTwist,etracesanorphan’sprogressfromtheworkhousetothecriminalslumsofLondon.NicholasNickleby,hisnextnovel,combinesthedarknessofOliverTwistwiththesunlightofPickwick.ThepopularityofthesenovelsconsolidatedDichens’asanationallyandinternationallycelebratedmanofletters.

D→41.→42.→43.→44.→B→45.

小标题，文章前后 ，通常文章前给出6-7个未知小标题，考生选出与其下一段的段落中心最贴切
，最相关，最符合的小标题 ，或者根据文中所给小标题
，选出与小标题最贴合的未知段落，绝大多数情况考查前者
。选择短小的小标题。现以2016年真题为例

PartB

Directions:

ReadthefollowingtextandanswerthequestionsbychoosingthemostsuitablesubheadingfromthelistA-Gforeachofthenumberedparagraphs(41-45).Therearetwoextrasubheadings.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.

[A]Createanewimageofyourself

[B]Decideifthetimeisright

[C]Haveconfidenceinyourself

[D]Understandthecontext

[E]Workwithprofessionals

[F]Knowyourgoals

[G]Makeitefficient

Nomatterhowformalorinformaltheworkenvironment,thewayyoupresentyourselfhasanimpact.Thisisespeciallytrueinfastimpressions.AccordingtoresearchfromPrincetonUniversity,peopleassessyourcompetence,trustworthiness,andlikeabilityinjustatenthofasecond,solelybasedonthewayyoulook.

Thedifferencebetweentoday’sworkplaceandthe“dressforsuccess
”eraisthattherangeofoptionsissomuchbroader.Normshaveevolvedandfragmented.Insomesettings,redsneakersordressT-shirtscanconveystatus;inothersnotsomuch.Plus,whateverimagewepresentismagnifiedbysocial-mediaserviceslikeLinkedIn.Chancesare,yourheadshotsareseenmuchmoreoftennowthanadecadeortwoago.Millennials,itseems,facetheparadoxofbeingtheleastformalgenerationyetthemostconsciousofstyleandpersonalbranding.Itcanbeconfusing.

Sohowdowenavigatethis?Howdoweknowwhentoinvestinanupgrade?Andwhat’sthebestwaytopulloffonethatenhancesourgoals?Herearesometips:

41_________________

Asanexecutivecoach,I’veseenimageupgradesbeparticularlyhelpfulduringtransitions-whenlookingforanewjob,steppinganewormorepublicrole,orchangingworkenvironments.Ifyou’reinaperiodofchangeorjustfeelingstuckandinarut,nowmaybeagoodtime.Ifyou’renotsure,askforhonestfeedbackfromtrustedfriends,colleaguesandprofessionals.Lookforcuesabouthowothersperceiveyou.Maybethere’snoneedforanupgradeandthat’sOK.

42.__________________

Getclearonwhatimpactyou’rehopingtohave.Areyoulookingtorefreshyourimageorpivotit?Foroneperson,thegoalmaybetobetakenmoreseriouslyandenhancetheirprofessionalimage.Foranother,itmaybetobeperceivedasmoreapproachable,ormoremodernandstylish.Forsomeonemovingfromfinancetoadvertising,maybetheywanttolookmore“SoHo.”(It’sOKtousecharacterizationslikethat.)

43.____________________

Lookatyourworkenvironmentlikeananthropologist.Whatarethenormsofyourenvironment?Whatconveysstatus?Whoareyourmostimportantaudiences?Howdothepeopleyourespectandlookuptopresentthemselves?Thebetteryouunderstandteculturalcontext,themorecontrolyoucanhaveoveryourimpact.

44._____________________

Enlistthesupportofprofessionalsandsharewiththemyourgoalsandcontext.Hireapersonalstylist,orusethefreestylingserviceofastorelike.Crew.Tryahairstylistinsteadofabarber.Workwithaprofessionalphotographerinsteadofyourspouseorfriend.It’snotasexpensiveasyoumightthink.

45_____________________

Thepointofastyleupgradeisn’ttobecomemorevainortospendmoretimeexcessingoverwhattowear.Instead,useitasanopportunitytoreducedecisionfatigue.Pickastandardworkuniformorafewgo-tooptions.Buyallyourclothes….oncewithastylistinsteadofshoppingalone,onearticleofclothingatatime.

新题型英语一的三种命题形式 ，无论哪种
，备考阶段，都需要考生能够掌握 ，因为
，新题型，虽然从篇幅上和内容上 ，不易于阅读理解甚至比传统阅读理解的文章还要难
，但是，新题型解题技巧更加明显精巧 ，所以，掌握好新题型
，较之容易得分，使考研成功更近一步 。最后 ，祝大家金榜题名!