考研英语#2015年考研究生英语阅读出题点#特殊标点符号

特殊标点符号

有一些特殊的标点符号也经常成为出题的对象 ，因此考生应该对以下标点符号的用法较为熟悉：逗号 、冒号
、括号、破折号 、引号以及问号 。

(1)逗号：两个逗号之间的内容
、或者一个逗号后面的内容
，通常都起到补充说明第一个逗号前面内容的作用
。

[真题回放2000-Text5]

Certainlypeopledonotseemlessinterestedinsuccessanditssignsnowthanformerly.Summerhomes,Europeantravel,BMWs—thelocations,placenamesandnamebrandsmaychange,butsuchitemsdonotseemlessindemandtodaythanadecadeortwoyearsago.Whathashappenedisthatpeoplecannotconfessfullytotheirdreams,aseasilyandopenlyasoncetheycould,lesttheybethoughtpushing,acquisitiveandvulgar.Instead,wearetreatedtofinehypocriticalspectacles,whichnowmorethaneverseeminamplesupply:thecriticofAmericanmaterialismwithaSouthamptonsummerhome;thepublisherofradicalbookswhotakeshismealsinthree-starrestaurants;thejournalistadvocatingparticipatorydemocracyinallphasesoflife,whoseownchildrenareenrolledinprivateschools.Forsuchpeopleandmanymoreperhapsnotsoexceptional,theproperformulationis,“Succeedatallcostsbutavoidappearingambitious.”

69.Somepeopledonotopenlyadmittheyhaveambitionbecause________.

[A]theythinkofitasimmoral

[B]theirpursuitsarenotfameorwealth

[C]ambitionisnotcloselyrelatedtomaterialbenefits

[D]theydonotwanttoappeargreedyandcontemptible

(2)冒号：其解释说明或者高度概括。

[真题回放2007-Text4]

①Itneverrainsbutitpours.②Justasbossesandboardshavefinallysortedouttheirworstaccountingandcompliancetroubles,andimprovedtheirfeeblecorporationgovernance,anewproblemthreatenstoearnthem–especiallyinAmerica–thesortofnastyheadlinesthatinevitablyleadtoheadsrollingintheexecutivesuite:datainsecurity.③Left,untilnow,toodd,low-levelITstafftoputright,andseenasaconcernonlyofdata-richindustriessuchasbanking,telecomsandairtravel,informationprotectionisnowhighontheboss'sagendainbusinessesofeveryvariety.

36.Thestatement“Itneverrainsbutitpours ”isusedtointroduce

[A]thefiercebusinesscompetition.

[B]thefeebleboss-boardrelations.

[C]thethreatfromnewsreports.

[D]theseverityofdataleakage.

(3)括号：其解释说明作用 。

[真题回放2006-Text2]

①Anyway,thetownsfolkcan'tunderstandwhytheRoyalShakespeareCompanyneedsasubsidy.(②Thetheatrehasbrokenattendancerecordsforthreeyearsinarow.③Lastyearits1,431seatswere94percentoccupiedallyearlongandthisyearthey'lldobetter.)④Thereason,ofcourse,isthatcostshaverocketedandticketpriceshavestayedlow.

29.Accordingtothetownsfolk,theRSCdeservesnosubsidybecause________.

[A]ticketpricescanberaisedtocoverthespending

[B]thecompanyisfinanciallyill-managed

[C]thebehavioroftheactorsisnotsociallyacceptable

[D]thetheatreattendanceisontherise

(4)破折号：两个破折号之间的内容往往充当插入语，其解释说明租用;一个破折号后面的内容 ，通常表示解释说明或者高度概括
，作用类似于冒号
。

[真题回放2005-Text2]

Fortunately,theWhiteHouseisstartingtopayattention.Butit'sobviousthatamajorityofthepresident'sadvisersstilldon'ttakeglobalwarmingseriously.Insteadofaplanofaction,theycontinuetopressformoreresearch—aclassiccaseof“paralysisbyanalysis.
”

28.Whatdoestheauthormeanby“paralysisbyanalysis”(Lastline,Paragraph4)?

[A]Endlessstudieskillaction.

[B]Carefulinvestigationrevealstruth.

[C]Prudentplanninghindersprogress.

[D]Extensiveresearchhelpsdecision-making.

(5)引号：表示引用他人的观点，或者突出强调 ，或者反语。

[真题回放2011-Text4]

①It'snosurprisethatJenniferSenior'sinsightful,provocativemagazinecoverstory,“IloveMyChildren,IHateMyLife, ”isarousingmuchchatter–nothinggetspeopletalkinglikethesuggestionthatchildrearingisanythinglessthanacompletelyfulfilling,life-enrichingexperience.②Ratherthanconcludingthatchildrenmakeparentseitherhappyormiserable,Seniorsuggestsweneedtoredefinehappiness:insteadofthinkingofitassomethingthatcanbemeasuredbymoment-to-momentjoy,weshouldconsiderbeinghappyasapast-tensecondition.③Eventhoughtheday-to-dayexperienceofraisingkidscanbesoul-crushinglyhard,Seniorwritesthat“theverythingsthatinthemomentdampenourmoodscanlaterbesourcesofintensegratificationanddelight.
”

36.JenniferSeniorsuggestsinherarticlethatraisingachildcanbring

[A]temporarydelight

[B]enjoymentinprogress

[C]happinessinretrospect

[D]lastingreward

(6)问号：如果第一段开头设问
，往往是引出下文或者设问句本身就是中心思想句;

[真题回放2001-Text3]

WhydosomanyAmericansdistrustwhattheyreadintheirnewspapers?TheAmericanSocietyofNewspaperEditorsistryingtoanswerthispainfulquestion.Theorganizationisdeepintoalongself-analysisknownasthejournalismcredibilityproject.

59.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?

[A]needsofthereadersallovertheworld

[B]causesofthepublicdisappointmentaboutnewspapers

[C]originsofthedecliningnewspaperindustry

[D]aimsofajournalismcredibilityproject

Whymentiontheelementaryschools?Becausethankstotheseschoolsourearlymechanics,especiallyintheNewEnglandandMiddleAtlanticstates,weregenerallyliterateandathomeinarithmeticandinsomeaspectsofgeometryandtrigonometry.

如果句中设问往往后面紧跟的句子是答案 。

[真题回放1997-Text1]

Whymentiontheelementaryschools?Becausethankstotheseschoolsourearlymechanics,especiallyintheNewEnglandandMiddleAtlanticstates,weregenerallyliterateandathomeinarithmeticandinsomeaspectsofgeometryandtrigonometry.

如果在文章最后一段最后一句话，往往可以省略不看
。

[真题回放2001-Text4]

Yetthefactremainsthatthemergermovementmustbewatched.Afewweeksago,AlanGreenspanwarnedagainstthemegamergersinthebankingindustry.Whoisgoingtosupervise,regulateandoperateaslenderoflastresortwiththegiganticbanksthatarebeingcreated?Won'tmultinationalsshiftproductionfromoneplacetoanotherwhenanationgetstoostrictaboutinfringementstofaircompetition?Andshouldonecountrytakeuponitselftheroleof“defendingcompetition”onissuesthataffectmanyothernations,asintheU.S.vs.Microsoftcase?