备考指导#考研究生倒计时#阅读模拟练习[1]

At18 ，AshanthiDeSilvaofsuburbanClevelandisalivingsymbolofoneofthegreatintellectualachievementsofthe20thcentury.Bornwithanextremelyrareandusuallyfataldisorderthatleftherwithoutafunctioningimmunesystem(the“bubble-boydisease
， ”namedafteranearliervictimwhowaskeptaliveforyearsinasterileplastictent)，shewastreatedbeginningin1990witharevolutionarynewtherapythatsoughttocorrectthedefectatitsverysource ，inthegenesofherwhitebloodcells.Itworked.Althoughherlastgene-therapytreatmentwasin1992
，sheiscompletelyhealthywithnormalimmunefunction，accordingtooneofthedoctorswhotreatedher ，W.FrenchAndersonoftheUniversityofSouthernCalifornia.Researchershavelongdreamedoftreatingdiseasesfromhemophiliatocancerbyreplacingmutantgeneswithnormalones.Andthedreamingmaycontinuefordecadesmore.

“Therewillbeagene-basedtreatmentforessentiallyeverydisease，
”Andersonsays
，“within50years.”

It'snotentirelyclearwhymedicinehasbeensoslowtobuildonAnderson'searlysuccess.TheNationalInstitutesofHealthbudgetofficeestimatesitwillspend$432millionongene-therapyresearchin2005，andthereisnoshortageofpromisingleads.Thetherapeuticgenesareusuallydeliveredthroughvirusesthatdon'tcausehumandisease.“ThevirusissortoflikeaTrojanhorse ， ”saysRonaldCrystalofNewYorkPresbyterian/WeillCornellMedicalCollege.“Thecargoisthegene.
”

AttheUniversityofPennsylvania'sAbramsonCancerCenter
，immunologistCarlJunerecentlytreatedHIVpatientswithageneintendedtohelptheircellsresisttheinfection.AtCornellUniversity，researchersarepursuinggene-basedtherapiesforParkinson'sdiseaseandararehereditarydisorderthatdestroyschildren'sbraincells.AtStanfordUniversityandtheChildren'sHospitalofPhiladelphia ，researchersaretryingtofigureouthowtohelppatientswithhemophiliawhotodaymustinjectthemselveswithexpensiveclottingdrugsforlife.Animalexperimentshaveshowngreatpromise.

Butsomehow
，thingsgetlostinthetranslationfromlaboratorytopatient.Inhumantrialsofthehemophiliatreatment，patientsshowaresponseatfirst ，butitfadesovertime.Andthefieldhasstillnotrecoveredfromthesetbackitsufferedin1999
，whenJesseGelsinger，an18-year-oldwithararemetabolicdisorder ，diedafterreceivinganexperimentalgenetherapyattheUniversityofPennsylvania.Someexpertsworrythatthefieldwillbetarnishedfurtherifthenextpeopletobenefitarenotpatientsbutathletesseekinganedge.Thissummer
，researchersattheSalkInstituteinSanDiegosaidtheyhadcreateda“marathonmouse”byimplantingagenethatenhancesrunningability;already，officialsattheWorldAnti-DopingAgencyarepreparingtotestathletesforsignsof“genedoping. ”Buttheprincipleisthesame ，whetheryou'retryingtohelpahealthyrunnerrunfasterorallowamuscular-dystrophypatienttowalk.“Everybodyrecognizesthatgenetherapyisaverygoodidea，”saysCrystal.“Andeventuallyit'sgoingtowork.
”

1.ThecaseofAshanthiDesilvaismentionedinthetextto____________.

[A]showthepromiseofgene-therapy

[B]giveanexampleofmoderntreatmentforfataldiseases

[C]introducetheachievementofAndersonandhisteam

[D]explainhowgene-basedtreatmentworks

2.Anderson‘searlysuccesshas________________.

[A]greatlyspeededthedevelopmentofmedicine

[B]broughtnoimmediateprogressintheresearchofgene-therapy

[C]promisedacuretoeverydisease

[D]madehimanationalhero

3.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothetext?

[A]Ashanthineedstoreceivegene-therapytreatmentconstantly.

[B]Despitethehugefunding
，generesearcheshaveshownfewpromises.

[C]Therapeuticgenesarecarriedbyharmlessviruses.

[D]Gene-dopingisencouragedbyworldagenciestohelpathletesgetbetterscores.

4.Theword“tarnish”(line5，paragraph4)mostprobablymeans____________.

[A]affect

[B]warn

[C]trouble

[D]stain

5.Fromthetextwecanseethattheauthorseems___________.

[A]optimistic

[B]pessimistic

[C]troubled

[D]uncertain

答案：ABCDA