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考研英语#2016考研究生复习#英语阅读解题流程

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[解题流程]

一、识别

题干中出现subject,summarize,mainidea,mainlyabout,besttitle,primaryabout,maintopic等表达方式的时候可以判定为主题题 。

二 、实质

对论点或者论题提问 。

三 、解题方法

1.寻找主题句或者主体词

(1)寻找主题句

A.如何寻找主题句

主题句通常出现在文章首段首句;

主题句通常出现在文章开头转折处;

主题句通常出现在文章开头现象结束处。

B.主题句的特征

主题句通常是一个概括总结性的结论或者判断。

(2)寻找主体词

主题句中有多次出现;

在全文中有多次出现;

在题干中有多次出现 。

四、解题原则

1.正确选项不能是描述细节(范围过小);

2.正确选项中不能包含无依据信息(范围过大);

3.正确选项中应该包含主体词或其同义替换词;

4.优先考虑议论文的标题。

[相关真题]

Whilestillcatching-uptomeninsomespheresofmodernlife,womenappeartobewayaheadinatleastoneundesirablecategory."Womenareparticularlysusceptibletodevelopingdepressionandanxietydisordersinresponsetostresscomparedtomen,"accordingtoDr.Yehuda,chiefpsychiatristatNewYork'sVeteran'sAdministrationHospital.

Studiesofbothanimalsandhumanshaveshownthatsexhormonessomehowaffectthestressresponse,causingfemalesunderstresstoproducemoreofthetriggerchemicalsthandomalesunderthesameconditions.Inseveralofthestudies,whenstressed-outfemaleratshadtheirovaries(thefemalereproductiveorgans)removed,theirchemicalresponsesbecameequaltothoseofthemales.

Addingtoawoman'sincreaseddoseofstresschemicals,areherincreased"opportunities"forstress."It'snotnecessarilythatwomendon'tcopeaswell.It'sjustthattheyhavesomuchmoretocopewith,"saysDr.Yehuda."Theircapacityfortoleratingstressmayevenbegreaterthanmen's,"sheobserves,"it'sjustthatthey'redealingwithsomanymorethingsthattheybecomewornoutfromitmorevisiblyandsooner."
Dr.Yehudanotesanotherdifferencebetweenthesexes."Ithinkthatthekindsofthingsthatwomenareexposedtotendtobeinmoreofachronicorrepeatednature.Mengotowarandareexposedtocombatstress.Menareexposedtomoreactsofrandomphysicalviolence.Thekindsofinterpersonalviolencethatwomenareexposedtotendtobeindomesticsituations,by,unfortunately,parentsorotherfamilymembers,andtheytendnottobeone-shotdeals.Thewear-and-tearthatcomesfromtheselongerrelationshipscanbequitedevastating."

AdelineAlvarezmarriedat18andgavebirthtoason,butwasdeterminedtofinishcollege."Istruggledalottogetthecollegedegree.Iwaslivinginsomuchfrustrationthatthatwasmyescape,togotoschool,andgetaheadanddobetter."Later,hermarriageendedandshebecameasinglemother."It'sthehardestthingtotakecareofateenager,haveajob,paytherent,paythecarpayment,andpaythedebt.Ilivedfrompaychecktopaycheck."

NoteveryoneexperiencesthekindsofseverechronicstressesAlvarezdescribes.Butmostwomentodayarecopingwithalotofobligations,withfewbreaks,andfeelingthestrain.Alvarez'sexperiencedemonstratestheimportanceoffindingwaystodiffusestressbeforeitthreatensyourhealthandyourabilitytofunction.

Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothefirsttwoparagraphs?

[A]Womenarebiologicallymorevulnerabletostress.

[B]Womenarestillsufferingmuchstresscausedbymen.

[C]Womenaremoreexperiencedthanmenincopingwithstress.

[D]Menandwomenshowdifferentinclinationswhenfacedwithstress.

题型识别:主题题

题干定位:需找原文主题句和主体词。文中第一句就引出了文章主题:女性更容易受到压力的负面影响,之后各段就展开讨论 。主体词在文中就是两个:women和stress。

思路解析:对于主题题而言 ,通常主体词或者主体词的替换词是应该出现在选项中的 ,并且要注意选项范围的大小,太小流于细节,太大就会超出文章讨论的范围 ,此题中women和stress为主体词,应该在正确答案中出现。

选项分析:包含有这两个主体词的选项为D 。C只是论证过程中的细节;A没有谈及女性且没有结论;B是一个干扰选项,范围过大 ,这篇文章只在说女性没有谈及男性的具体情况,所以还谈不上性别上的不同。

很多人不知道考研英语阅读理解的文体到底是什么,可以明确的是 ,是议论文,哪怕是科普性的文章也是侧重对文中观点进行考查。在阅读的标准化试题中,我们都可以把阅读分为三个部分:原文、题干和选项 。原文是解题的依据 ,题干是解题的路标,选项是解题的关键。

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