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时间:2020-07-0911:54:19
天津外国语大学2014年翻译硕士MTI考研
I.Translatethefollowingwordsandexpressionsintotherespectivetargetlanguage(40points).
1.shadowbanking影子银行
2.drones无人机
3.EdwardSnowden爱德华·斯诺登
4.federaldeficit联邦赤字
5.Likonomics李克强经济学
6.toxicpolitics毒性政治 ,有毒政治
7.all-timehigh高纪录
8.LearningCity学习型城市
9.puppylove早恋,初恋
10.SchengenVisa申根签证(签署申根协定的欧洲国家所发出的签证)
11.subwaysalmon抢上地铁的人
12.selfie自拍
13.Obamamania奥巴马狂热
14.connotation含义,隐含意义
15.cohesionandcoherence衔接与连贯
16.discourseanalysis语篇分析
17.translationstudies翻译研究
18.Esperanto世界语
19.denotation指称指称之物指称意义外延
20.GMOcrops转基因作物(Geneticallymodifiedcrops)
21.中国梦chinesedream
22.反“四风”运动“FourWinds ”campaign―combatformalism,bureaucracy,hedonismandextravagance
23.光盘行动clearyourplatecampaign
24.城镇化urbanization
25.中国式过马路Chinesestyleofcrossingroad
26.幸福指数HappinessIndex
27.“中国好声音”TheVoiceofChina
28.机构改革Institutionalreform
29.雾霾haze
30.十八届三中全会the3rdPlenarySessionof18thCommunistPartyofChinaCentralCommittee
31.正能量PositiveEnergy
32.创新驱动发展战略thestrategyofinnovation-drivendevelopment
33.中华文化“走出去”ChineseCulture'sGoing-outStrategy
34.常住人口permanentpopulation
35.海淘Overseasonlineshopping
36.不靠谱unreliable
37.奢侈品牌luxurybrand
38.黄金周goldenweek
39.群众路线themassline
40.照镜子、正衣冠 、洗洗澡、治治病Watchfromthemirror,groomoneself,takeabathandseekremedies
II.Translatethefollowingtwosourcetextsintotheirrespectivetargetlanguage.(110points)
SourceText1:(55points)
Economiesofscopeareconceptuallysimilartoeconomiesofscale.Whereaseconomiesofscaleforafirmprimarilyreferstoreductionsintheaveragecost(costperunit)associatedwithincreasingthescaleofproductionforasingleproducttype,economiesofscopereferstoloweringtheaveragecostforafirminproducingtwoormoreproducts.Here,economiesofscopemakeproductdiversificationefficientiftheyarebasedonthecommonandrecurrentuseofproprietaryknow-howoronanindivisiblephysicalasset.Forexample,asthenumberofproductspromotedisincreased,morepeoplecanbereachedperunitofmoneyspent.Atsomepoint,additionaladvertisingexpenditureonnewproductsmaybecomelesseffective(anexampleofdiseconomiesofscope).Relatedexamplesincludedistributionofdifferenttypesofproducts,productbundling,productlining,andfamilybranding.Ifasalesforcesellsseveralproducts,itcanoftendosomoreefficientlythanifitissellingonlyoneproduct.Thecostofitstraveltimeisdistributedoveragreaterrevenuebase,socostefficiencyimproves.Therecanalsobesynergiesbetweenproductssuchthatofferingarangeofproductsgivestheconsumeramoredesirableproductofferingthanwouldasingleproduct.
Economiesofscopecanalsooperatethroughdistributionefficiencies:itcanbemoreefficienttoshiparangeofproductstoanygivenlocationthantoshipasingletypeofproducttothatlocation.Furthereconomiesofscopeoccurwhentherearecostsavingsarisingfrombyproductsintheproductionprocess.Anexamplewouldbethebenefitsofheatingfromenergyproductionhavingapositiveeffectonagriculturalyields.Acompanythatsellsmanyproductlinessellsinmanycountries,orbothwillbenefitfromreducedrisklevelsasaresultofitseconomiesofscope.Ifoneofitsproductlinesfallsoutoffashionorifonecountryhasaneconomicslowdown,thecompanywilllikelybeabletocontinuetrading.Notalleconomistsagreeontheimportanceofeconomiesofscope.Somearguethattheconceptappliesonlytocertainindustries,andthenonlyrarely.
SourceText2:(55points)
现在看手机、网络的越来越多,读报的渐渐少了,有人说将来报纸会不会消失?我们当今的社会还是报纸等传统媒体和网络等新媒体并存 ,体现了两种不同的生活方式 。一种人只看网不看报,一种人只看报不会上网,当然还有两种兼顾。
年轻人往往只看网络 ,不读报纸,这和生活工作方式有关,上网办公、交谈 、收发邮件 ,顺手搜一下各类新闻,很便捷以为时下的新闻知道了,就不去翻报纸。但我觉得不读报是会有损失的。因为有些报纸能给你的东西不全在网上 ,网络上更多的是即时的信息碎片,更丰富的生活血肉和富于原创性的、有深度的文章还是需要从报纸等纸质媒体来获取 。还有,我总觉得一个人的修养很难在电脑前形成。需要在一些实际的文化空间里渐渐体验与形成 ,比如博物馆、画廊 、剧场以及各种各样的交际,还有读书看报。我想,如果我们的报办得好,读报将来在中国也会成为生活和文化方式之一 ,一个丰富的社会不会只要一种生活和文化的方式 。
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