翻译硕士#华东师范大学2012年翻译硕士MTI考研究生及答案

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时间：2020-07-2718:30:30

华东师范大学2012年翻译硕士MTI

I.PhraseTranslation

Billofexchange:汇票

CBD:中央商务区(centerofbusinessdistrict)

CCPIT:中国国际贸易促进委员会(ChinaCouncilforthePromotionofInternationalTrade)

Headoffice:总部;总公司

OPEC:石油输出国组织(OrganizationofPetroleumExportingCountries)

Knockoutproduct：拳头产品

Emergencyroom：急诊室

Pediatricintensivecareunit：儿科重症室

outpatientsurgicalcenter:门诊手术中心

Cardiology：心脏病学;心脏科

Ophthalmology：眼科学

Illegalforeignexchangetransaction：非法外汇交易

Foreignexchangerevenueandspending：外汇收支

Netizen：网民

Thee-business:电子商务

人文交流:culturalandeducationalexchanges

法人:LegalPerson

大型实景歌舞演出:real-scenemusicalextravaganza

廉租房:low-renthouse

经适房:affordablehousing

人才战略:talentstrategy;humanresourcestrategy

科教兴国战略和人才强国战略:thestrategiesofreinvigoratingChinathroughscienceandeducationandstrengtheningthenationthroughhumanresourcedevelopment

服务种类:TypeofService

资源调配:resourceallocation;DeploymentofResources

激发内在经济活力:stimulatethevitalityoftheeconomy

公务接待费:hospitalityspending;officialreceptions

新型农村社会养老保险:newold-ageinsurancesystemforruralresidents;anewtypeofpensioninsuranceforruralresidents

农产品流通体系:circulationsystemforfarmproduct

载人航天:man-in-spaceflight;mannedspaceflight

违法征地拆迁:illegallandexpropriationsandhousingdemolitions

II.Passagetranslation

SectionATranslatetheunderlinedsentencestoChinese

PennyGoid:Forthreepeoplethrowntogetherbychance,it’sinterestingthatweallhavespentpartofourlivesattheUniversityofChicago-measanundergraduate

student,JohnKomlosasagraduatestudent,andJohnGoldsmithasaprofessor.Andthethreeofusarecloseinageandinthetypesofdisciplineschosen-Iamalsoahistorian,withadditionalgraduatetraininginliteratureandarthistory.Alargedifferenceamongus,however,isthatmyteachingcareerhasbeenprimarilyatasmallliberalartscollege(KnoxCollege),aninstitutionthatputsitsstrongestemphasisonteaching,evenwhileresearchisencouragedandexpected.I’malsofemaleandbeganmycareerduringaperiodoftimeinwhichwcmenwerejustbeginningteenteracademiainsignificantnumbers;thishasbeenaformativeinfluenceonmylifeintheacademyandinmyattitudestowardit.

Ienteredgraduateschoolwithoutaclearcommitmenttoprofessionaltraining.Inthefalltermofmysenioryear,lwassuddenlycaughtupinmystudiesbyaserendipitousconcatenationofcoursesinmedievalstudiesandculturalhistory,andIjustwantedtokeeplearning.IthappenedthatStanford,whereIchosetogo,wasgivingfullfundingforfouryearstoallenteringhistorygraduatestudentsatthattime(thankstogenerousfundingfromtheFordFoundation,whichwas-unsuccessfully,itturnsout-tryingtospeedcompletionofPh.D.s),soIpaidnothingforgraduateeducation,nordidIhavetogointodebt.Thefirstyearofgraduateschoolwasquiteashock,andifIhadbeenspendingthousandsofdollarsofmyownmoney.I’mnotsureIwouldhavestayedinschool.Butintheend,IIwasverygladthefinancialsupportenticedmetostay,helpingmethrougharoughtransition.WhileStanfordthengaveitsgraduatestudentsnoinstructioninteaching(asituationnowchanged),IhadthegoodfortunetoexperienceexcellentmentoringwhileIwasthere,IandunlikeJohnKomlosandJohnGoldsrninth,Illearnedagreatdealduringgraduateschoolabouthowtheacademyworks.MyadvisorbeginninghisfirstjobasaprofessorinthesameyearIbegangraduateschoolandIlearnedmuchfromhimaboutthedemands,pleasures,Iandprecariousnessofacademiclife.AnotherprofessorIworkedcloselywithwasdeniedtenurewhileIwasinmythirdyear;Icontributedalettertohersuccessfulappealandlearnedagooddealaboutacademicvaluesandprocessesalongtheway.IwasatStanfordintheearlyyearsofthewomanmovement(1969-74),andmyinvolvementintheHistoryGraduateStudentsWomen’sCaucuswasalsoacruciallearningexperience.ThedepartmentatStanfordhadonlyonefemaleprofessoratthetime,aHarvardPh.D,who,becauseofnepotismrules(herhusbandhadapositioninanotherdepartment),waslimitedtoanon-tenure-trackadjunctappointment.Whenthiswomanresigned,theWomen’Caucusorganizedanefforttopersuadethedepartmenttohireawomenforetenure-trackappointment.Wetalked,wewroteletters,andwesucceeded.AnotherstudentandIweremembersofthesearchcommitteethatresulted.IthinkIlearnedmoreabouthowtheacademyworks,andhowonecanworktochangeit,inthatoneyearsthaninmanyoftherest.Also,withinthisearlycohortofwomenintheacademy,therewassstrongsenseofsolidarity,amongstbothgraduatestudentsandfaculty,withinandacrossinstitutions.Weknewweneededtofigureoutallwecouldaboutacademicinstitutions.Weknewweneededtofigureoutallwecouldaboutacademicinstitutionsandproceduresinordertomakeitasnewcomers,andwehelpedeachotheroutasbestwecould.Oftenwithoutaccesstothe“oldboy”networks,wefounded“newgirl ”networks,andthesehavebeenacrucialsourceofsupport,andhelptomeovertheyear.

-FromChicagoGuidetoYourAcademicCareer

SectionBChinesetoEnglish

除非是研究近代史的，很少人会知道中俄战争后 ，从本世纪初英国即与日本结为同盟
。这一特殊关系一直延续到一九四一年的“珍珠港事变
”。这期间
，英国老百姓自然始终坚定地站在中国这一边 。我先是在“七七事变”头一年就有所察觉
。当时上海还有租界，而大公报馆无论在津、沪 、港 ，都始终位于洋人管辖的地方。事变前的一年——一九三六年
，《大公报》就由于我发表的陈白尘一个剧本中多处提到“×洋人 ”，而三次被英
、日控制的工部局传到法院 ，最终还是由于事先打了叉叉而没坐牢 。

三八年至三九年间
，我在香港《大公报》编文艺副刊时，因所登的稿件而与英国新闻审查官起冲突的事 ，更是屡见不鲜
。说是
”冲突“
，其实，他是主子。在送审的校样上他随便打个红叉 ，我就只好抽调 。

-选自《说起香港》-萧乾著作

译文:

AboutHongKong

-XiaoQian

Mostpeople,apartfromthosefamiliarwithmodernhistory,areunawarethatasearlyastheturnofthecentury(aftertheSino-RussianWar),BritainenteredintoalliancewithJapan.ThespecialrelationshiplasteduntiltheoutbreakofthePearlHarborIncidentin1941.Meanwhile,however,theBritishpeopleremainedfirminsidingwithChina.ItwasintheyearwhentheJuly7Incident(1)brokeoutthatIfirstbecameawareofthesaidalliancebetweenBritainandJapan.Inthosedays,therewereforeignsettlementsinShanghai.AndTheDagonBao(2)haditsofficesuccessivelylocatedintheforeign-controlleddistrictsofTianjin,ShanghaiandHongKong.In1936,oneyearbeforetheJuly7Incident,becauseIhadoneofChenBaichen’s(3)playspublished,inwhichthereappearedseveraltimestheexpression“Xforeigner”(thecrossXhadbeenaddedbytheeditor),IwassummonedthreetimestocourtbytheShanghaiMunicipalCouncilunderBritishandJapanesecontrol.Finally,thankstothecrossputintothemanuscript,Iwasexemptedfromimprisonment.

From1938to1939,whenIwasinchargeofeditingtheArtandLiteratureSupplementofTheDagongBao,IoftengotintodisputeswithBritishcensors(orratherwithmymasters)overmanuscripts.WhenaBritishcensorputinaredcrossatwill,allIcoulddowaswithdrawtheentiremanuscript.Sometimes,beinghardpressedtofindareplacementforit,Ihadtoleaveablankonthepagetoshowthatsomethinghadbeensuppressedbycensorship.TakealookatTheDagongBaopublishedinHongKonginthosedays,andyou’llfindlotsofblanks.OncetheBritishcensorevenhadhalfapagekilled.

Why?BecauseChinaandJapanwereatwar,andBritainandJapanwereallies.TheHongKongcolonialauthoritiesprohibitedanyproteststagedinaregionundertheirjurisdictionagainsttheatrocitiesoftheJapanesetroopsinChina.Theirwordwaslaw.Therewasnoreasoningwiththem!

Intheautumnof1939,IwenttoEnglandtoteachattheinvitationoftheCollegeofOrientalStudiesoftheUniversityofLondon.IsailedonaFrenchsteamer.WhentheshiparrivedatSaigon,itwasrequisitionedandallpassengersweretolookforhotelsforthemselvesexcepttheseveralscoresofChinesewhowereescortedtoconcentrationcamps.Luckily,IwasinsteadputunderhousearrestafterIaskedsomebodytopassonmyvisitingcardtothelocalChineseconsulgeneral,whohappenedtobeaformerschoolmateofmineatYenchingUniversity,Beijing.

Aftergoingthroughalotoftrouble,IfinallyarrivedattheportofFolkestone,England,inOctober.But,whilegoingthroughentryformalities,theentrycertificateissuedmebytheBritishofficialsturnedouttobeoneforan“enemynationalresidingabroad ”.WhenIaskedtheofficialinchargeforthereasonwhy,theanswerhegavewasverysimple,“ChinaandJapanareatwarwhileBritainandJapanareallies.So,that’sthat!
”

Iremainedascapegoatuntil1941whenIbecamea“greatally”overnightattheoutbreakofthePearlHarborIncident.ThealliancebetweenBritainandJapanthenvanishedintotheairwiththeflamesofwarragingoverthePacific.

AstoHongKong,Iofcoursecherishmanybeautifulmemories.Ihadmyloveaffaironthatisland,Iplayedonthefinesandsofitsbeaches,andImanytimesclimbedupitsmountainstowatchthenightscenes.From1986to1987,inparticular,IspentaperiodofunforgettabledaysasavisitingscholarattheChineseUniversityofHongKong,Shatin,NewTerritories,whichhadthemostpicturesquecampusintheworld.AllthataccountedformyredoubledjoyoverthereturnofHongKongtoourmotherland.

Notes:

(1)TheJuly7Incident(alsoknownastheLugouqiaoIncident)of1937wasanincidentstagedatLugouqiao,beingonJuly7,1937,bytheJapaneseimperialists,whichmarkedthebeginningofanall-outwarofaggressionagainstChinabyJapan.

(2)TheDagongBao(formerlyknownasL’impartial),aChinesenewspaperfirstpublishedonJune17,1902inTianjin,laterinBeijingonOctober1,1956andnowinHongKongknownasTheTakKungPao.

(3)ChenBaichen(1908~1994),borninHuaiyin,JiangsuProvince,wasawell-knownplaywrightandnovelist.Inthe1960s,hewasviceeditor-in-chiefofthemagazinePeople’sLiterature.

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