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教育学#2015年考研究生英语翻译及答案

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类目:三人行考研网>教育学>正文

时间:2017-08-2319:52:52

以下是三人行考研网小编为大家整理的“2015年考研英语翻译及答案” ,以供广大考生参考,希望对你们有所帮助 。

2015年考研英语翻译及答案

SectionIIITranslation

Directions:

ReadthefollowingtextcarefullyandthentranslatetheunderlinedsegmentsintoChinese.YourtranslationshouldbewrittenclearlyonANSWERSHEET.(10points)

Withinthespanofahundredyears,intheseventeenthandearlyeighteenthcenturies,atideofemigration-oneofthegreatfolkwanderingsofhistory-sweptfromEuropetoAmerica.1)Thismovement,drivenbypowerfulanddiversemotivation,builtanationoutofawildernessand,byitsnature,shapedthecharacteranddestinyofanunchartedcontinent.

2)TheUnitedStatesistheproductoftwoprincipalforces-theimmigrationofEuropeanpeopleswiththeirvariedideas,customs,andnationalcharacteristicsandtheimpactofanewcountrywhichmodifiedthesetraits.Ofnecessity,colonialAmericawasaprojectionofEurope.AcrosstheAtlanticcamesuccessivegroupsofEnglishmen,Frenchmen,Germans,Scots,Irishmen,Dutchmen,Swedes,andmanyotherswhoattemptedtotransplanttheirhabitsandtraditionstothenewworld.

3)But,theforceofgeographicconditionspeculiartoAmerica,theinterplayofthevariednationalgroupsupononeanother,andthesheerdifficultyofmaintainingold-worldwaysinaraw,newcontinentcausedsignificantchanges.Thesechangesweregradualandatfirstscarcelyvisible.Buttheresultwasanewsocialpatternwhich,althoughitresembledEuropeansocietyinmanyways,hadacharacterthatwasdistinctlyAmerican.

4)ThefirstshiploadsofimmigrantsboundfortheterritorywhichisnowtheUnitedStatescrossedtheAtlanticmorethanahundredyearsafterthe15th-and-16th-centuryexplorationsofNorthAmerica.Inthemeantime,thrivingSpanishcolonieshadbeenestablishedinMexico,theWestIndies,andSouthAmerica.ThesetravelerstoNorthAmericacameinsmall,unmercifullyovercrowdedcraft.Duringtheirsix-totwelve-weekvoyage,theysubsistedonbarelyenoughfoodallottedtothem.Manyoftheshipswerelostinstorms,manypassengersdiedofdisease,andinfantsrarelysurvivedthejourney.Sometimesstormsblewthevesselsfarofftheircourse,andoftencalmbroughtunbearablylongdelay.

“TotheanxioustravelersthesightoftheAmericanshorebroughtalmostinexpressiblerelief, ”saidonerecorderofevents,“Theairattwelveleagues’distancesmeltassweetasanew-blowngarden.”Thecolonists’firstglimpseofthenewlandwasasightofdensewoods.5)Thevirginforestwithitsrichnessandvarietyoftreeswasaveritablerealtreasure-housewhichextendedfromMaineallthewaydowntoGeorgia.Herewasabundantfuelandlumber.Herewastherawmaterialofhousesandfurniture,shipsandpotash,dyesandnavalstores.

翻译

1.在多种强大的动机驱动下,这次(移民)运动在一片荒野上建立了一个国家 ,并且就本质而言 ,塑造了一个未知大陆的性格和命运。

2.有两股主要力量形成了美国:一是欧洲民族带来的不同思想 、风俗和民族特征,二是这个新国家在改变这些特征之后造成的影响。

3.但是,美国特有的地理条件、不同种族间的相互影响、以及在这片蛮荒的新大陆上维持旧秩序的万分艰难 ,带来了巨大的变化 。

4.十五 、十六世纪的探索发现了北美洲,又过了一百多年,第一艘满载移民的航船跨过大西洋驶向这片土地 ,即现在的美国 。

5.原始森林树木种类繁多,是一座真正的宝库,从缅因州向南一直延伸至乔治亚州。