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考研英语#2017考研究生#英语[一]阅读A考点考向点睛

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I高频考点出处

一 、as结构

regard…as…(2011)
call…as…(2011)
use…as…(2004)
consider…as…(2004)
treat…as…(2014)
portray…as…(2014)
view…as…
see…as…
lookupon…as
treat…as…
thinkof…as…

二、否定词

2011Q22细节题---猜词unpretentious-modest
2011Q39细节推理题---猜词unrealistic-misleading
2012Q26词义题renegingon-dishonoring
2012Q40态度题but,bad-disapproval
2013Q23词义题indictment-accusation
2014Q24细节推理hurting,terrifying,embarrassing,hardtoget-uneasy
2015Q27态度题discard-disapproval
2016Q31态度题notbeclear-cut-skepticism

三、特殊标点

2013Q34细节题冒号
2012Q24细节推理题冒号
2012Q29细节题冒号
2011Q36观点题冒号
2007Q31细节题冒号
2012Q36推理题分号
2013Q25主旨题分号
2014Q38细节题分号
2016Q36细节题分号

四 、观点动词

2012Q22hold-argueQ34agree-describe
2013Q28hold-sayQ39claim
2014Q32think-sayQ35believe
2015Q28believeQ34hold-sayQ38believeQ39hold-
2016Q27holdQ37suggest-sayQ39believe-remark

II阅读解题技巧

[解题方法]题干+选项精确定位法
[解题步骤]
1.找题干关键词 ,精确定位到文章(题干的关键词一般会定位到文章的某句或者相连的两句中)
2.将所选答案精确定位到文章
[例题]2015年Text2
28.Theauthorbelievesthatexploringone'sphonecontentsiscomparableto________.
[A]gettingintoone'sresidence
[B]handlingone'shistoricalrecords
[C]scanningone'scorrespondences
[D]goingthroughone'swallet
TheyshouldstartbydiscardingCalifornia'slameargumentthatexploringthecontentsofasmartphone-avaststorehouseofdigitalinformation-issimilarto,say,goingthroughasuspect'spurse.Thecourthasruledthatpolicedon'tviolatetheFourthAmendmentwhentheygothroughthewalletorpocketbookofanarresteewithoutawarrant.Butexploringone'ssmartphoneismorelikeenteringhisorherhome.Asmartphonemaycontainanarrestee'sreadinghistory,financialhistory,medicalhistoryandcomprehensiverecordsofrecentcorrespondence.Thedevelopmentof"cloudcomputing,"meanwhile,hasmadethatexplorationsomuchtheeasier.
[解题步骤应用]
本题要注意,题干考查的是作者观点,很多考生会定位到第一句话 ,此句中出现了California'slameargumentthatexploringthecontentsofasmartphone-avaststorehouseofdigitalinformation-issimilarto,说明这是California的观点。作者观点从but后出,exploringone'ssmartphoneismorelikeenteringhisorherhome.
1题干定位:but之后
题干exploringone'sphonecontents-文章exploringone'ssmartphone
题干is-文章is
题干comparableto-文章morelike
因此,答案定位在enteringhisorherhome
2选项定位
答案[A]gettingintoone'sresidence
匹配情况为:
Agetinto-文章enter
Aone'sresidence-hisorherhome

二、推断题

近几年这种题的考频不是很高 ,但是依然要按照方法来做 。
[解题方法]找段落中心句
寻找段落中心句方法:
第一、逻辑上出现转承关系的句子(转折 、因果、递进,即有therefore,thus,but,however,inshort,allinall等提示词的句子);
第二、有明确表示观点的路标指引词(think,believe,deny,acknowledge,insist,accordingto,claim…)
第三 、含有情态动词的句子(should,must…)
第四 、含有特殊标点的句子(冒号、破折号、引号 、括号)
第五、特殊句型(疑问句、倒装句 、强调句、省略句)
第六、平铺直叙段落中,注意首末句
[解题步骤]
1.根据题干 ,寻找该段落中心句,
2.正确答案即段落中心句的同义改写
[例题]2013年Text1
24.Whichofthefollowingcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?
[A]Vanityhasmoreoftenbeenfoundinidealists.
[B]Thefast-fashionindustryignoressustainability.
[C]Pricingisvitaltoenvironment-friendlypurchasing.
[D]Peoplearemoreinterestedinunaffordablegarments.
Thoughseveralfast-fashioncompanieshavemadeeffortstocurbtheirimpactonlaborandtheenvironment-includingH&M,withitsgreenConsciousCollectionline-Clinebelieveslastingchangecanonlybeeffectedbythecustomer.Sheexhibitstheidealismcommontomanyadvocatesofsustainability,beitinfoodorinenergy.Vanityisaconstant;peoplewillonlystartshoppingmoresustainablywhentheycan'taffordnotto.
[解题步骤应用]
1.寻找段落中心句(分号 、比较级、双重否定、特殊结构onlywhen)
Vanityisaconstant;peoplewillonlystartshoppingmoresustainablywhentheycan'taffordnotto.分号之前句义晦涩 ,根据并列原则可以看分号之后。
2.正确答案即段落中心句的同义改写
答案[C]Pricingisvitaltoenvironment-friendlypurchasing.
peoplewillonlystartshoppingmoresustainablywhentheycan'taffordnotto
匹配值为:
[C]pricing---afford
isvitalto---onlywhen
environment-friendly(环保的)---moresustainably(可持续的)
purchasing---culture
oldworld---European

三 、态度题

[解题方法]作者态度分类法
1.在判断感情色彩时,应结合以下两点。
1)作者态度可以分为三大类:a.正向肯定态度:支持,乐观 ,赞同;b.客观、中立、公正;c.负向反对态度:反对 、批评 、怀疑
2)特别注意作者的态度一般与文章中心相联系 。不要把自己的态度纳入其中,而且要注意区分作者的态度和作者引用别人的态度。
2.匹配选项。匹配选项时应该注意:
1)有些选项一般不是正确答案(陪衬选项):tolerance(包容);indifferent(漠不关心);subjective(主观的);biased(有偏见的);puzzled(迷惑不解的) 。
3.态度题的新趋势:
1)现在题目的考察不仅仅局限于作者的态度,也开始考察文章中某人的观点和态度 ,做题时特别应该注意看清楚题目考察的是谁对谁的态度。
2)近几年有个明线的趋势,一些否定的态度词往往跟容易成为答案。Skeptical,critical ,questionable,suspicious,doubtful ,disapproval 。
[解题步骤]
1.判断选项ABCD的态度正负向,将四个选项进行分类(正向,负向)
2.根据关键词 ,回文定位判断态度 。
[例题]
2015年Text2
TheyshouldstartbydiscardingCalifornia'slameargumentthatexploringthecontentsofasmartphone-avaststorehouseofdigitalinformation-issimilarto,say,riflingthroughasuspect'spurse.Thecourthasruledthatpolicedon'tviolatetheFourthAmendmentwhentheysiftthroughthewalletorpocketbookofanarresteewithoutawarrant.
27.Theauthor'sattitudetowardCalifornia'sargumentisoneof_______.
[A]disapproval.
[B]indifference.
[C]tolerance.
[D]cautiousness.
[解题步骤应用]
1判断选项态度的正负向
[A]disapproval反对的(负)
[B]indifference漠不关心的(中立)
[C]tolerance包容(正)
[D]cautiousness谨慎的(正)
2回文判断态度
TheyshouldstartbydiscardingCalifornia'slameargument
因此 ,根据文章的discarding,可以确定是表示负向否定态度,因此答案选A。

四、主旨题

[解题方法]1串线法2主题词复现法3框架法
[解题步骤]
1.找出段落中心句或者主题词
2.串联各段段落中心句 ,合并同类项,即可得出全文主旨
[例题]2016年Text4
40.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleofthetext?
[A]ShifttoOnlineNewspapersAllatOnce
[B]CherishtheNewspapersstillinYourHand
[C]KeepYourNewspapersForeverinFashion
[D]MakeYourPrintNewspapersaLuxuryGood
TherewilleventuallycomeadaywhenTheNewYorkTimesceasestopublishstoriesonnewsprint.Exactlywhenthatdaywillbeisamatterofdebate."Sometimeinthefuture,"thepaper'spublishersaidbackin2010.
Nostalgiaforinkonpaperandtherustleofpagesaside,there'splentyofincentivetoditchprint.Theinfrastructurerequiredtomakeaphysicalnewspaper-printingpresses,deliverytrucks-isn'tjustexpensive;it'sexcessiveatatimewhenonline-onlycompetitorsdon'thavethesamesetoffinancialconstraints.Readersaremigratingawayfromprintanyway.Andthoughprintadsalesstilldwarftheironlineandmobilecounterparts,revenuefromprintisstilldeclining.
"Overheadmaybehighandcirculationlower,butrushingtoeliminateitsprinteditionwouldbeamistake,"saysBuzzFeedCEOJonahPeretti.
[解题步骤应用]
本体用篇首主题复现法,篇首反复出现print和newspaper/paper等词 ,说明文章的中心与这两个词相关。只要答案[D]MakeYourPrintNewspapersaLuxuryGood
复合该要求 。

五、词汇题

[解题方法]1.构词法猜词2.语法猜词3.形似猜词
[解题步骤]
1.拆分词词根词缀
2.联系上下文语法猜词
3.如果两句话语法结构相似,那么他们的对应部分的语义容易相似
[例题]2013年Text2
27."Theindustry"(Line4,Para.3)refersto_______.
[A]onlineadvertisers[B]e-commerceconductors
[C]digitalinformationanalysis[D]internetbrowserdevelopers
①InDecember2010America'sFederalTradeCommission(FTC)proposedaddinga"donottrack"(DNT)optiontointernetbrowsers,sothatuserscouldtelladvertisersthattheydidnotwanttobefollowed.②Microsoft'sInternetExplorerandApple'sSafaribothofferDNT;Google'sChromeisduetodosothisyear.③InFebruarytheFTCandDigitalAdvertisingAlliance(DAA)agreedthattheindustrywouldgetcrackingonrespondingtoDNTrequests.
[解题步骤]
本题按照常规的构词法和句子语法无法分析答案。会发现①句和③句的结构相似,句子去掉修饰语后。结构相似部分如下 。
①InDecember2010(FTC)proposedaddinga(DNT)optiontointernetbrowsers,sothatuserscouldtelladvertisersthattheydidnotwanttobefollowed.
②InFebruarytheFTCand(DAA)agreedthattheindustrywouldgetcrackingonrespondingtoDNTrequests.
如上所示 ,两个句子由于结构相似引发了语义相似,①句灰色部分是从句,因为考点在主句 ,所以从句先不看。很容易发现猜词theindustry,对应的部分是internetbrowsers。所以答案选D 。

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