备考指导#2017翻译硕士#中华思想文化术语翻译选读——经世致用

经世致用(jīnɡshì-zhìyònɡ)

学术要对国家和社会的治理发挥实际效用。“经世”即治理国家和社会事务，“致用 ”即发挥实际效用 。17世纪初思想家顾炎武、王夫之 、黄宗羲
、李颙等人倡导学术研究要关注现实 ，通过解释古代典籍
，阐发自己的社会政治见解，解决社会实际问题 ，以增进国家治理、民生安定 、社会改良
。这一思想强调知识的政治价值和知识分子的现实担当，体现了中国传统知识分子讲求功效、务实的思想特点和“以天下为己任
”的情怀。

StudyofAncientClassicsShouldMeetPresentNeeds.

Learningshouldcontributetogoodgovernance.Jingshi(经世)meansgovernanceofthecountryandsociety,andzhiyong(致用)referstomeetingpracticalneeds.Intheearly17thcentury,thinkerssuchasGuYanwu,WangFuzhi,HuangZongxi,andLiYongarguedthatscholarlystudiesshouldbegearedtomeetcurrentneeds.Theyheldthatwhileinterpretingancientclassics,scholarsshouldexpoundtheirviewsonthesocialandpoliticalissuesoftheirday,solvepracticalproblems,enhancegovernanceofthecountry,improvepeople’slivelihood,andpromotesocialreform.Thisviewstressedthepracticalvalueofknowledgeandthepracticalresponsibilitiesofintellectuals.ItreflectsthepragmaticcharacteroftraditionalChineseintellectualsaswellastheirconcernforthewell-beingofthepeopleandeagernesstoshoulderresponsibilityforthewholenation.

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[引例]

凡文之不关于“六经”之指当世之务者
，一切不为 。(顾炎武《与人书•三》)

学人贵识时务，奏议皆识一时之务者也。……道不虚谈 ，学贵实效
。学而不足以开物成务
，康济时艰，真拥衾之妇女耳 ，亦可羞已!(李颙《二曲集》卷七)

[先君]益自奋励
，自理学及经世致用书，靡不究览。(崔述《先府君行述》)

NoarticlesshouldbewrittenexceptthosethatareconcernedwithwhattheSixClassicsteachusaboutthecurrentstateaffairs.(GuYanwu:LetterstoaFriend)

Scholarsshouldvalueknowledgeofcurrentaffairs.Memorialstothethroneshouldbeaboutsuchaffairs...Thereshouldbenoemptytalkonabstracttheories.Thevalueofknowledgeliesindealingwithpracticalmatters.Scholarswhosestudiesdonotrevealtheessenceofthingsorputforwardwaysofcopingwithdifficultsituationsshouldfeelashamedasanuneducatedwoman!(LiYong:CollectedWorksofLiYong)

Mylatefatherwasverydiligent.Hereadawiderangeofworks,fromNeo-Confuciantheoriestobooksondealingwithpracticalmatters.Therewasnothinghedidnotstudyindepth.(CuiShu:AnAccountofMyLateFather)